Interdisciplinary Department of Social Sciences and the Department of Music, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Interdisciplinary Department of Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2021 Apr 23;76(5):836-844. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa125.
Evidence of daily fluctuations in subjective age and their association with older adults' well-being was recently obtained. Yet, neither the simultaneous tracking of two daily views on aging (i.e., daily subjective age and daily ageist attitudes) nor their interactive effect on mental health (i.e., depressive symptoms) has been explored. We hypothesized that (a) at days on which older adults feel older or report high ageist attitudes they would report higher depressive symptoms, (b) combined older subjective age and high ageist attitudes will be associated with the highest daily depressive symptoms.
Community-dwelling older adults (N = 134, mean age = 69.66) completed measures of subjective age, ageist attitudes, and depressive symptoms for 10 consecutive days.
Daily older subjective age and higher ageist attitudes were related to higher depressive symptoms, but there was no combined effect of both on depressive symptoms. There was a significant three-way interaction between subjective age, ageist attitudes, and chronological age, demonstrating the interactive effect of subjective age and ageist attitudes on depressive symptoms only among the old-old respondents. Time-lagged analyses further showed that ageist attitudes during previous days predicted feeling older and more depressed on following days, but not vice versa.
Results suggest that old-old individuals are more susceptible to a combination of negative views on aging on daily basis. Findings further support a daily assimilation process, whereby previous-day stereotypes are assimilated and manifested into one's identity and mental health, so that one feels older and more depressed on subsequent days.
最近有证据表明，主观年龄会出现日常波动，且这种波动与老年人的幸福感有关。然而，人们尚未同时追踪两种关于衰老的日常看法（即日常主观年龄和日常年龄歧视态度），也没有探讨它们对心理健康（即抑郁症状）的交互影响。我们假设：（a）当老年人感觉自己变老或报告有强烈的年龄歧视态度时，他们会报告更高的抑郁症状；（b）综合的较老的主观年龄和较高的年龄歧视态度将与最高的每日抑郁症状相关。
我们招募了 134 名社区居住的老年人（平均年龄=69.66 岁），让他们连续 10 天完成主观年龄、年龄歧视态度和抑郁症状的测量。
每日的较老主观年龄和较高的年龄歧视态度与更高的抑郁症状相关，但两者对抑郁症状没有综合影响。主观年龄、年龄歧视态度和实际年龄之间存在显著的三向交互作用，这表明只有在老老年人中，主观年龄和年龄歧视态度对抑郁症状才有交互作用。时间滞后分析进一步表明，前几天的年龄歧视态度可以预测后续几天的感觉更老和更抑郁，但反之则不然。
结果表明，老老年人更容易受到日常负面衰老观念的综合影响。研究结果进一步支持了一种日常同化过程，即前一天的刻板印象被同化并体现到一个人的身份和心理健康中，因此在随后的日子里，他们会感觉更老、更抑郁。
