Sarkar Sujoy, Tripathy Koushik
West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital
ASG Eye Hospital, BT Road, Kolkata, India
Cortical blindness (CB) is defined as loss of vision without any ophthalmological causes and with normal pupillary light reflexes due to bilateral lesions of the striate cortex in the occipital lobes. Cortical blindness is a part of cerebral blindness, defined as loss of vision secondary to damage to the visual pathways posterior to the lateral geniculate nuclei. Description of CB goes back to the Roman era. Roman philosopher and politician Seneca described a case of a slave who, despite her blindness, did not accept it and kept constantly arguing about room darkness. French writer Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592) described a case where the patient, despite the obvious signs of blindness, did not believe he was blind. In 1895, Austrian neuropsychiatrist Gabriel Anton described patients with bilateral occipital lobe lesions who were completely blind but were unaware of their blindness leading to confabulation. It was later described as anosognosia by another renowned French neurologist Joseph François Babinski.
皮质盲（CB）被定义为无任何眼科病因且因枕叶纹状皮质双侧病变导致瞳孔光反射正常的视力丧失。皮质盲是脑性失明的一部分，脑性失明被定义为继发于外侧膝状体核后部视觉通路损伤的视力丧失。皮质盲的描述可追溯到罗马时代。罗马哲学家兼政治家塞内卡描述了一个奴隶的病例，尽管她失明了，但她不接受这一事实，并不断争论房间光线暗的问题。法国作家米歇尔·德·蒙田（1533 - 1592）描述了一个病例，患者尽管有明显的失明迹象，但不相信自己失明。1895年，奥地利神经精神科医生加布里埃尔·安东描述了双侧枕叶病变的患者，他们完全失明但未意识到自己失明，从而导致虚构症。后来另一位著名的法国神经学家约瑟夫·弗朗索瓦·巴宾斯基将其描述为疾病感缺失。
