Shanmugam S, Haver H L, Knecht S M, Rajjoub R, Ali O, Chow R
University of Maryland Medical Center (Ummc) Midtown Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 2021 Sep 20;11(5):678-681. doi: 10.1080/20009666.2021.1974730. eCollection 2021.
Cortical blindness is characterized by loss of vision due to dysfunction of the visual cortices, most commonly secondary to bilateral ischemic infarcts of the occipital lobe. Other causes include surgery such as aortic valve replacement, laryngeal surgery, craniotomy, cerebral angiography, head trauma, and partial seizures. Visual anosognosia is a distinct feature of cortical blindness, wherein patients claim they can see and confabulate visual perceptions, despite loss of sight. We herewith present a rare phenomenon known as Anton Syndrome, an eponym named after the Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist, Gabriel Anton (1858-1933). There are a limited number of cases of Anton's Syndrome in the literature, with only 28 case reports published from 1965-2016. Although he was bestowed a neurologic eponym, Anton was an advocate of eugenics and racial hygiene. He publicly advocated for 'superior breeding' and 'selection' in order to 'build a brave and noble race.' We therefore propose replacing the eponym with Bilateral Occipital Lobe Infarct Neglect Deficit (BLIND) Syndrome, with intention of raising awareness of this unique presentation as well as of the widespread interest in eugenics in the early 1900s amongst physicians, notably Gabriel Anton.
皮质盲的特征是由于视觉皮层功能障碍导致视力丧失,最常见的是继发于枕叶双侧缺血性梗死。其他原因包括手术,如主动脉瓣置换术、喉部手术、开颅手术、脑血管造影、头部外伤和部分癫痫发作。视觉失认症是皮质盲的一个显著特征,即患者声称他们能看见并虚构视觉感知,尽管已经失明。我们在此呈现一种罕见现象,即安托万综合征,这是以奥地利神经学家兼精神科医生加布里埃尔·安托万(1858 - 1933)命名的人名。文献中安托万综合征的病例数量有限,从1965年到2016年仅有28例病例报告发表。尽管他被赋予了一个神经学上的人名,但安托万是优生学和种族卫生学的倡导者。他公开倡导“优生繁殖”和“选择”,以“培育一个勇敢而高尚的种族”。因此,我们提议将这个人名替换为双侧枕叶梗死忽视缺陷(BLIND)综合征,目的是提高对这种独特表现的认识,以及对20世纪初医生中,尤其是加布里埃尔·安托万,对优生学广泛兴趣的认识。