From the IMPAQ International, LLC, Columbia, Maryland.
J Patient Saf. 2020 Sep;16(3S Suppl 1):S48-S56. doi: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000746.
Efforts to improve teamwork in health care have received considerable attention. The current systematic review was conducted to identify recent studies that implemented practices to improve teamwork and were associated with positive improvements on the job.
Electronic searches of 2 databases (i.e., CINAHL and MEDLINE) were conducted to identify relevant articles published between 2008 and 2018.
Twenty articles were selected for inclusion in this review. The studies most often used quasiexperimental designs and interventions were applied in a variety of hospital settings including labor and delivery, operating rooms, and emergency departments. Across studies, measures assessing teamwork skills on the job were most often collected and showed sustained improvements up to 12 months. Moreover, evidence of improved clinical processes (e.g., compliance with guidelines and efficiency) and increased patient safety (e.g., reduction in adverse events) was found in both studies of team training interventions, as well as in those that introduced performance support tools (e.g., checklist).
The results of the current review are consistent with previous research and add to the evidence base on the practices to improve teamwork within hospital settings. Although efforts to improve teamwork have spread to other health care settings such as office-based care, published studies are lagging behind.
提高医疗保健团队合作的努力受到了相当多的关注。目前的系统评价旨在确定最近实施了改善团队合作实践的研究，并与工作中的积极改善相关。
通过对 2 个数据库（即 CINAHL 和 MEDLINE）进行电子搜索，确定了 2008 年至 2018 年期间发表的相关文章。
选择了 20 篇文章纳入本综述。这些研究最常使用准实验设计，干预措施应用于各种医院环境，包括分娩室、手术室和急诊科。在所有研究中，最常收集评估工作中团队合作技能的措施，并在长达 12 个月的时间内显示出持续的改善。此外，在团队培训干预研究以及引入绩效支持工具（如检查表）的研究中，都发现了临床过程（例如，遵循指南和提高效率）的改善以及患者安全性的提高（例如，减少不良事件）的证据。
当前审查的结果与之前的研究一致，并为改善医院环境中的团队合作实践提供了更多的证据。尽管改善团队合作的努力已经扩展到其他医疗保健环境，如基于办公室的护理，但发表的研究却滞后。
