Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2020 Oct;17(5):205-212. doi: 10.1007/s11897-020-00473-z.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Post-transcriptional modifications are key regulators of gene expression that allow the cell to respond to environmental stimuli. The most abundant internal mRNA modification is N6-methyladenosine (mA), which has been shown to be involved in the regulation of RNA splicing, localization, translation, and decay. It has also been implicated in a wide range of diseases, and here, we review recent evidence of mA's involvement in cardiac pathologies and processes. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies have primarily relied on gain and loss of function models for the enzymes responsible for adding and removing the mA modification. Results have revealed a multifaceted role for mA in the heart's response to myocardial infarction, pressure overload, and ischemia/reperfusion injuries. Genome-wide analyses of mRNAs that are differentially methylated during cardiac stress have highlighted the importance of mA in regulating the translation of specific categories of transcripts implicated in pathways such as calcium handling, cell growth, autophagy, and adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes. Regulation of gene expression by mA is critical for cardiomyocyte homeostasis and stress responses, suggesting a key role for this modification in cardiac pathophysiology.
目的综述:转录后修饰是基因表达的关键调节剂,使细胞能够对外界刺激做出反应。最丰富的内部 mRNA 修饰是 N6-甲基腺苷(mA),它已被证明参与 RNA 剪接、定位、翻译和降解的调节。mA 还与广泛的疾病有关,在这里,我们回顾了 mA 参与心脏病变和过程的最新证据。
最近的发现:研究主要依赖于负责添加和去除 mA 修饰的酶的功能获得和功能丧失模型。结果表明,mA 在心肌梗死、压力超负荷和缺血/再灌注损伤中心脏的反应中具有多方面的作用。在心脏应激过程中差异甲基化的 mRNAs 的全基因组分析强调了 mA 在调节特定类别转录物翻译中的重要性,这些转录物涉及钙处理、细胞生长、自噬和肾上腺素能信号传导等途径,在心肌细胞中。mA 对基因表达的调节对心肌细胞的稳态和应激反应至关重要,这表明该修饰在心脏病理生理学中起着关键作用。
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