Steger Leonie, Rinder Monika, Korbel Rüdiger
Klinik für Vögel, Kleinsäuger, Reptilien und Zierfische, Zentrum für Klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2020 Aug;48(4):260-269. doi: 10.1055/a-1199-6223. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
The prevalence of resistant bacteria in pet birds, zoo birds and falconry birds is still largely unknown. Therefore, antibiograms of rapidly-growing aerobic bacteria obtained from these birds were retrospectively evaluated.
Between 2007 and 2016 a total of 1036 antibiograms were evaluated. The bacteria isolates originated from 811 birds of 20 zoological orders (mostly Psittaciformes [61.8 %] and Passeriformes [14.5 %] and from alive patients or pathological examinations. The birds were primarily kept in Southern Germany. Phenotypic in vitro sensitivity of bacterial isolates to various antibiotics was determined using a standardized agar diffusion test.
The most frequently examined bacteria species were (n = 386 isolates), (). (n = 150), (n = 122), (n = 86) and (n = 64). Resistance to at least one antibiotic agent was detected in 53.1 % of the isolates, most commonly to doxycycline (50.3 %) and ampicillin (46.1 %), as well as in 95.9 % of isolates and 78.0 % of isolates. Multidrug resistance to 3 or more antibiotic groups was frequent in (37.3 % of isolates). Resistance rates were higher in isolates from pet birds and captive birds of prey than in isolates from zoo birds.Resistant isolates were more common in Psittaciformes than in Passeriformes. An increasing resistance rate for fluoroquinolones in (a minimum of 0 % in 2005 and a maximum of 27.3 % in 2011) and decreasing resistance rates for tetracyclines in (a maximum of 38.2 % in 2007 and lowest values of 0 % in 2014 and 2015) were observed over the examined period.
The detected resistance rates of bacteria in pet birds, zoo birds and falconry birds must be considered as being problematic. They indicate the importance of microbial sensitivity testing for a conscientious therapy of pet birds, zoo birds and falconry birds. Critical treatment situations may arise from infections with .
宠物鸟、动物园鸟类和猎鹰中耐药菌的流行情况仍 largely unknown。因此，对从这些鸟类中分离出的快速生长需氧菌的药敏谱进行了回顾性评估。
2007年至2016年间，共评估了1036份药敏谱。细菌分离株来自20个目811只鸟（大多为鹦形目[61.8%]和雀形目[14.5%]），以及活体患者或病理检查。这些鸟主要饲养在德国南部。使用标准化琼脂扩散试验测定细菌分离株对各种抗生素的体外表型敏感性。
最常检测的细菌种类为（n = 386株分离株），（）。（n = 150），（n = 122），（n = 86）和（n = 64）。在53.1%的分离株中检测到对至少一种抗生素耐药，最常见的是对多西环素（50.3%）和氨苄西林（46.1%）耐药，在95.9%的分离株和78.0%的分离株中也检测到耐药。对3种或更多抗生素组的多重耐药在（37.3%的分离株）中很常见。宠物鸟和圈养猛禽分离株的耐药率高于动物园鸟类分离株。耐药分离株在鹦形目中比在雀形目中更常见。在研究期间观察到（2005年最低为0%，2011年最高为27.3%）氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药率上升，以及（2007年最高为38.2%，2014年和2015年最低为0%）四环素类药物的耐药率下降。
宠物鸟、动物园鸟类和猎鹰中检测到的细菌耐药率必须被视为存在问题。它们表明微生物敏感性检测对于宠物鸟、动物园鸟类和猎鹰的合理治疗很重要。感染可能会导致危急的治疗情况。
