影响老年人理解 COVID-19 风险和应对行为的因素。
Influencing Factors of Understanding COVID-19 Risks and Coping Behaviors among the Elderly Population.
机构信息
School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.
Sustainable Minerals Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 13;17(16):5889. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165889.
It is known that the elderly population has weak immune functioning and is a susceptible and high-risk group with respect to the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. In this study, to understand the influencing factors of COVID-19-related risks and coping behaviors of elderly individuals with respect to COVID-19 and to provide a basis for taking corresponding protective measures, a questionnaire survey was applied to an elderly population. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of the level of understanding of COVID-19 risks among the elderly population. Additionally, the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of the elderly population's protective behaviors against COVID-19. This study found: (1) The sex, age, and self-care ability of elderly individuals were significantly correlated with their level of understanding of COVID-19, and that those who were female, were of a younger age, or had better self-care ability had higher levels of understanding; (2) The sex, place of residence, and level of understanding of COVID-19 among the elderly individuals were significantly correlated with their protective behaviors, e.g., those who were women, had high levels of understanding, and lived in cities were more likely to have good behaviors; (3) Elderly individuals' assessments of COVID-19 information provided by the government were significantly correlated with their protective behaviors-those who had a positive evaluation of relevant information provided by the government were more likely to develop protective behavior. The conclusions of this study show that it is crucial to implement COVID-19 prevention and control measures in the elderly population. Society, communities, and families need to increase their concerns about the health and risk awareness of the elderly individuals.
众所周知，老年人的免疫功能较弱，是当前 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）流行的易感和高危人群。本研究旨在了解老年人对 COVID-19 的相关风险认知及应对行为的影响因素，为采取相应的防护措施提供依据，对老年人群进行了问卷调查。采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）和线性回归分析探讨老年人对 COVID-19 风险认知水平的影响因素，采用卡方检验和 Logistic 回归分析探讨老年人对 COVID-19 的防护行为的影响因素。结果显示：（1）老年人的性别、年龄和自理能力与对 COVID-19 的认知水平显著相关，女性、年龄较小或自理能力较好的老年人对 COVID-19 的认知水平较高；（2）老年人的性别、居住地和对 COVID-19 的认知水平与防护行为显著相关，如女性、认知水平较高、居住在城市的老年人更有可能采取良好的防护行为；（3）老年人对政府提供的 COVID-19 信息的评估与防护行为显著相关，对政府提供的相关信息评价积极的老年人更有可能采取防护行为。综上所述，对老年人群实施 COVID-19 防控措施至关重要，社会、社区和家庭需要更加关注老年人的健康和风险意识。
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