Efficacy and safety of two-year therapy with transdermal clonidine for essential hypertension.

We evaluated the safety and efficacy of transdermal clonidine (TC) in 23 patients with essential hypertension over a two-year period. Fourteen patients achieved control of blood pressure using TC alone. Six patients achieved control with a combination of TC and the diuretic chlorthalidone (CH). Three patients had control with CH alone or did not achieve control with either TC alone or TC plus CH and were dropped from the study. Of the 20 patients remaining in the study, six patients remained on TC or TC plus CH for the two-year study. Ten of the 20 patients quit the study because of skin reactions and four because of other side effects. No clinically significant changes were noted in serum or urinary laboratory parameters. Finally, TC was effective as long-term monotherapy for essential hypertension in only four of our patients. The major limitation is skin-related side effects.