Voronezh State University, Voronezh, University sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia; Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Revolution Av. 19, Voronezh 394036, Russia.
Voronezh State University, Voronezh, University sq. 1, Voronezh 394018, Russia.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2020 Oct;169:104675. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104675. Epub 2020 Aug 5.
Bumblebees are important for crop pollination. Currently, the number of pollinators is decreasing worldwide, which is attributed mostly to the widespread use of pesticides. The aim of this work was to develop a method for assessing the genotoxicity of pesticides for the Bombus terrestris L. bumblebee using long-range PCR of mitochondrial DNA fragments. We have developed a panel of primers and assessed the genotoxicity of the following pesticides: imidacloprid, rotenone, deltamethrin, difenocanozole, malathion, metribuzin, penconazole, esfenvalerate, and dithianon. All pesticides (except imidacloprid) inhibited mitochondrial respiration fueled by pyruvate + malate; the strongest effect was observed for rotenone and difenocanozole. Three pesticides (dithianon, rotenone, and difenocanozole) affected the rate of HO production. To study the pesticide-induced DNA damage in vitro and in vivo, we used three different mtDNA. The mtDNA damage was observed for all studied pesticides. Most of the studied pesticides caused significant damage to mtDNA in vitro and in vivo when ingested. Our results indicate that all tested pesticides, including herbicides and fungicides, can have a toxic effect on pollinators. However, the extent of pesticide-induced mtDNA damage in the flight muscles was significantly less upon the contact compared to the oral administration.
大黄蜂对作物授粉很重要。目前，全世界授粉媒介的数量正在减少，这主要归因于杀虫剂的广泛使用。本工作旨在开发一种使用线粒体 DNA 片段长距离 PCR 评估对 Bombus terrestris L.大黄蜂的杀虫剂遗传毒性的方法。我们已经开发了一组引物，并评估了以下杀虫剂的遗传毒性：吡虫啉、鱼藤酮、溴氰菊酯、二苯醚菌酯、马拉硫磷、甲磺隆、戊唑醇、乙氰菊酯和硫丹。所有杀虫剂（除吡虫啉外）均抑制了由丙酮酸+苹果酸提供燃料的线粒体呼吸；鱼藤酮和二苯醚菌酯的作用最强。三种杀虫剂（硫丹、鱼藤酮和二苯醚菌酯）影响 HO 生成的速度。为了研究体外和体内杀虫剂诱导的 DNA 损伤，我们使用了三种不同的 mtDNA。研究了所有研究的杀虫剂的 mtDNA 损伤。当摄入时，大多数研究的杀虫剂在体外和体内均会对 mtDNA 造成严重损伤。我们的结果表明，所有测试的杀虫剂，包括除草剂和杀菌剂，都可能对传粉媒介产生毒性作用。然而，与口服相比，接触时飞行肌肉中由杀虫剂引起的 mtDNA 损伤的程度明显较小。
