Department of Health Science, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States.
Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Aug 24;22(8):e15697. doi: 10.2196/15697.
Sleep plays an essential role in the psychological and physiological functioning of humans. A report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that sleep duration was significantly reduced among US adults in 2012 compared to 1985. Studies have described a significant association between listening to soothing music and an improvement in sleep quality and sleep duration. YouTube is a platform where users can access sleep-aiding music videos. No literature exists pertaining to the use of sleep-aiding music on YouTube.
This study aimed to examine the patterns of viewing sleep-aiding music videos on YouTube. We also performed a content analysis of the comments left on sleep-aiding music video posts, to describe the perception of users regarding the effects of these music videos on their sleep quality.
We searched for sleep-aiding music videos published on YouTube between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2017. We sorted videos by view number (highest to lowest) and used a targeted sampling approach to select eligible videos for qualitative content analysis. To perform the content analysis, we imported comments into a mixed-method analytical software. We summarized variables including total views, likes, dislikes, play duration, and age of published music videos. All descriptive statistics were completed with SAS statistical software.
We found a total of 238 sleep-aiding music videos on YouTube that met the inclusion criteria. The total view count was 1,467,747,018 and the total playtime was 84,252 minutes. The median play length was 186 minutes (IQR 122 to 480 minutes) and the like to dislike ratio was approximately 9 to 1. In total, 135 (56.7%) videos had over 1 million views, and 124 (52.1%) of the published sleep-aiding music videos had stayed active for 1 to 2 years. Overall, 4023 comments were extracted from 20 selected sleep-aiding music videos. Five overarching themes emerged in the reviewed comments, including viewers experiencing a sleep problem, perspective on the positive impact of the sleep-aiding music videos, no effect of the sleep-aiding music videos, time to initiation of sleep or sleep duration, and location of viewers. The overall κ statistic for the codes was 0.87 (range 0.85-0.96).
This is the first study to examine the patterns of viewing sleep-aiding music videos on YouTube. We observed a substantial increase in the number of people using sleep-aiding music videos, with a wide variation in viewer location. This study supports the hypothesis that listening to soothing music has a positive impact on sleep habits.
睡眠对人类的心理和生理功能起着至关重要的作用。疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的一份报告发现，与 1985 年相比，2012 年美国成年人的睡眠时间明显减少。研究表明，听舒缓的音乐与改善睡眠质量和延长睡眠时间之间存在显著关联。YouTube 是一个用户可以访问助眠音乐视频的平台。目前尚无关于 YouTube 上助眠音乐使用情况的相关文献。
本研究旨在研究在 YouTube 上观看助眠音乐视频的模式。我们还对助眠音乐视频帖子上留下的评论进行了内容分析，以描述用户对这些音乐视频对其睡眠质量影响的看法。
我们搜索了 2012 年 1 月 1 日至 2017 年 12 月 31 日期间在 YouTube 上发布的助眠音乐视频。我们根据观看次数（从高到低）对视频进行排序，并采用目标抽样方法选择符合条件的视频进行定性内容分析。为了进行内容分析，我们将评论导入到混合方法分析软件中。我们总结了总浏览量、点赞数、不喜欢数、播放时长和发布音乐视频的年龄等变量。所有描述性统计均在 SAS 统计软件中完成。
我们在 YouTube 上共找到 238 个符合纳入标准的助眠音乐视频。总浏览量为 1467747018 次，总播放时长为 84252 分钟。中位数播放时长为 186 分钟（IQR 122-480 分钟），点赞数与不喜欢数的比例约为 9:1。总共有 135 个（56.7%）视频的浏览量超过 100 万次，有 124 个（52.1%）发布的助眠音乐视频已经活跃了 1 到 2 年。总的来说，从 20 个选定的助眠音乐视频中提取了 4023 条评论。在评论中出现了五个总体主题，包括观看者经历睡眠问题、对助眠音乐视频积极影响的看法、助眠音乐视频没有效果、开始入睡或睡眠时间以及观看者位置。代码的整体 κ 统计量为 0.87（范围 0.85-0.96）。
这是第一项研究 YouTube 上观看助眠音乐视频模式的研究。我们观察到使用助眠音乐视频的人数大幅增加，观看者的位置也存在很大差异。这项研究支持这样的假设，即听舒缓的音乐对睡眠习惯有积极影响。
