Corona Teresita, Rodríguez-Violante Mayela, Delgado-García Guillermo
Academia Nacional de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
Gac Med Mex. 2020;156(4):317-320. doi: 10.24875/GMM.20000195.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently hitting the world in the form of a pandemic. Given that some reports suggest that this infection can also occur with neurologic manifestations, this narrative review addresses the basic and clinical aspects concerning the nervous system involvement associated with this disease. More than one third of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 can present with both central and peripheral neurological manifestations. The former include dizziness and headache, while the latter include taste and smell disturbances. Other reported neurological manifestations are cerebrovascular disease and epileptic seizures. According to published reports, neurological disorders are not uncommon in COVID-19 and can sometimes represent the first manifestation of the disease; therefore, neurologists should consider this diagnostic possibility in their daily practice. Since maybe not all COVID-19 neurological manifestations are due to SARS-CoV-2 direct effects, it is important to monitor the rest of the clinical parameters such as, for example, oxygen saturation. Similarly, follow-up of patients is advisable, since whether neurological complications may develop lately is thus far unknown.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的一种感染,目前正以大流行的形式席卷全球。鉴于一些报告表明这种感染也可能伴有神经症状,本文献综述探讨了与该疾病相关的神经系统受累的基础和临床方面。因COVID-19住院的患者中,超过三分之一会出现中枢和周围神经系统症状。前者包括头晕和头痛,后者包括味觉和嗅觉障碍。其他报告的神经症状有脑血管疾病和癫痫发作。根据已发表的报告,神经障碍在COVID-19中并不罕见,有时可能是该疾病的首发症状;因此,神经科医生在日常实践中应考虑这种诊断可能性。由于并非所有COVID-19神经症状都归因于SARS-CoV-2的直接作用,监测其他临床参数(如血氧饱和度)很重要。同样,建议对患者进行随访,因为目前尚不清楚是否会在后期出现神经并发症。