Dreher Theo W, Collart Lindsay P, Mueller Ryan S, Halsey Kimberly H, Bildfell Robert J, Schreder Peter, Sobhakumari Arya, Ferry Rodney
Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Toxicon X. 2018 Dec 10;1:100003. doi: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2018.100003. eCollection 2019 Jan.
Thirty-two 14-month old steers died during a period of four days (19-23 June 2017) after drinking from Junipers Reservoir (southeastern Oregon, USA) during a cyanobacterial bloom. Clinical and histopathological findings were consistent with acute liver disease, and microcystin-LR was present at 3000 μg/L in a reservoir water sample and at 7100 μg/L in the rumen contents of one of the mortalities. Serum biochemistry and histological examination indicated severe liver damage consistent with microcystin toxicosis. Microscopic observation of reservoir water samples, limited to frozen or poorly stored and partially degraded samples, indicated the presence of abundant but the presence of other toxic cyanobacteria such as could not be excluded. Metagenomic analysis showed the presence in these samples of a single cyanobacterium whose and genes indicated membership in the genus. The sequence of a complete gene cluster with homology to previously identified genes was recovered. These results emphasize the capacity for blooms to produce lethal levels of microcystin, posing a danger to public health and livestock. Further, our findings indicate that such occurrences can occur outside the far-northern latitudes in which microcystin-producing have typically been found.
2017年6月19日至23日期间，32头14月龄的公牛在蓝藻水华期间饮用美国俄勒冈州东南部的杜松水库的水后，在四天内死亡。临床和组织病理学检查结果与急性肝病一致，在一份水库水样中微囊藻毒素-LR含量为3000μg/L，在其中一头死亡公牛的瘤胃内容物中含量为7100μg/L。血清生化和组织学检查表明存在与微囊藻毒素中毒一致的严重肝损伤。对水库水样的显微镜观察仅限于冷冻或保存不佳且部分降解的样本，结果表明存在大量[此处原文缺失具体藻类名称]，但不能排除存在其他有毒蓝藻，如[此处原文缺失具体藻类名称]。宏基因组分析表明，这些样本中存在一种单一的蓝藻，其[此处原文缺失具体基因名称]和[此处原文缺失具体基因名称]基因表明它属于[此处原文缺失具体属名]属。回收了一个与先前鉴定的[此处原文缺失具体基因名称]基因具有同源性的完整[此处原文缺失具体基因名称]基因簇的序列。这些结果强调了[此处原文缺失具体藻类名称]水华产生致死水平微囊藻毒素的能力，对公众健康和牲畜构成危险。此外，我们的研究结果表明，这种情况可能发生在通常发现产微囊藻毒素[此处原文缺失具体藻类名称]的远北纬度地区以外。
