Villavicencio Kim Jaimy, Wu George Y
Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2020 Jun 28;8(2):161-167. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2020.00005. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
In addition to liver injury, elevation of aminotransferases can be caused by strenuous exercise and use of muscle-building and weight-loss supplements. The purpose of this review is to discuss the various mechanisms of elevation of aminotransferases related to body building. A literature review was performed on clinical trials and case reports involving exercise or supplement use and their effects on aminotransferases. Normal aminotransferase levels varied according to gender, age, body mass index, and comorbidities. Strenuous exercise and weight lifting, especially in the unaccustomed, can cause elevated aminotransferases in the absence of liver damage. Supplements such as anabolic steroids, ephedra, and LipoKinetix, amongst others, have also been associated with aminotransferase elevations. The pattern of elevation of aminotransferases is not helpful in distinguishing liver from muscle injury. Other associated muscle enzymes can be useful in making that distinction. To prevent aminotransferase elevations, subjects not accustomed to moderate-high intensity workouts, are recommended to undertake gradual increase in intensity. When causes of liver injury have been ruled out, investigation into bodybuilding, extreme exercise, and supplement use is warranted.
除肝损伤外，剧烈运动以及使用增肌和减肥补充剂也可导致转氨酶升高。本综述的目的是探讨与健身相关的转氨酶升高的各种机制。对涉及运动或补充剂使用及其对转氨酶影响的临床试验和病例报告进行了文献综述。正常转氨酶水平因性别、年龄、体重指数和合并症而异。剧烈运动和举重，尤其是不习惯的情况下，在没有肝损伤时也可导致转氨酶升高。合成代谢类固醇、麻黄和LipoKinetix等补充剂也与转氨酶升高有关。转氨酶升高的模式无助于区分肝损伤和肌肉损伤。其他相关的肌肉酶可能有助于进行这种区分。为防止转氨酶升高，建议不习惯中高强度锻炼的受试者逐渐增加锻炼强度。当排除肝损伤原因后，有必要对健身、极限运动和补充剂使用情况进行调查。
