Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2021 Jan;27(1):118-122. doi: 10.1037/cdp0000422. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Short sleep duration compromises adolescents' functioning across many domains, yet risk for short sleep is not evenly distributed among youth in the United States. Significant Black-White disparities in sleep duration have been observed, with Black/African American youth on average sleeping fewer minutes per night than their White/European American peers. However, not all Black adolescents have short sleep, and identification of moderators of effects, including protective and vulnerability factors in the association between race/ethnicity and sleep duration, is warranted. We examined whether engagement in physical activity attenuates the gap in sleep duration between Black and White teenagers. A sample of 246 adolescents ( = 15.79 years; 32.9% Black, 67.1% White) reported on their physical activity and participated in 1 week of at-home actigraphic sleep assessment, which was used to derive sleep duration (minutes scored as asleep from sleep onset to wake time). At higher levels of physical activity, relatively long sleep duration was observed for all youth regardless of their race/ethnicity. However, at lower levels of physical activity, an association emerged between race and sleep minutes, illustrating that youth most at risk for shorter sleep were Black adolescents with lower physical activity. Findings suggest that for Black adolescents, physical activity is a protective factor against short sleep duration and, conversely, low physical activity is a vulnerability factor. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
睡眠时间短会影响青少年在许多领域的正常功能，但美国青少年的睡眠风险并非平均分布。人们观察到，黑人和白人青少年在睡眠时间上存在显著差异，黑人/非裔美国青少年的平均睡眠时间比他们的白人/欧洲裔美国同龄人少几分钟。然而，并非所有黑人青少年的睡眠时间都很短，因此需要确定种族/族裔与睡眠时间之间关联的调节因素，包括保护因素和易感性因素。我们研究了体育活动是否会减少黑人和白人青少年之间的睡眠时间差距。研究样本包括 246 名青少年（年龄 = 15.79 岁；32.9%为黑人，67.1%为白人），报告了他们的体育活动情况，并参加了为期 1 周的在家中使用活动记录仪进行的睡眠评估，该评估用于确定睡眠时间（从入睡到醒来的时间计算得分的睡眠时间）。在更高水平的体育活动中，所有青少年的睡眠时间都相对较长，无论其种族/族裔如何。然而，在较低水平的体育活动中，种族与睡眠时间之间出现了关联，表明睡眠最短的青少年风险最高的是黑人青少年，他们的体育活动较少。研究结果表明，对于黑人青少年来说，体育活动是预防睡眠时间短的保护因素，而相反，体育活动少是易感性因素。
