Khuntia Himanshu Kumar, Chanakya H N
Centre for Sustainable Technologies (Formerly ASTRA), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka India.
SN Appl Sci. 2020;2(8):1320. doi: 10.1007/s42452-020-3143-z. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
This research aims to determine the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARG) in anaerobic biofilm reactors (ABR) fed with household chemical products (HCP) such as laundry detergents and handwash without any influx of antibiotics. The ABR comprised a three-chamber design with bottom sludge, a middle chamber containing fluidized PVC spiral, and a top chamber with packed coir fiber as a biofilm support medium, respectively. Four different ABRs were simultaneously operated for a prolonged period (200 day) and subjected to variations in physicochemical conditions. The ABRs fed with HCP exhibited solitary accumulation of log (4.4-7.5) gene copies/g VS whereas, ARG was undetectable in glucose fed ABRs indicating that HCP exhibited antimicrobial activities synonyms to Erythromycin. Accumulation of Erythromycin-C () was relatively higher on the biofilm inhabiting PVC support medium and further accentuated by effluent recycling to log 7.5 gene copies at a ratio of /16S gene copies of 0.65. Physico-chemical factors such as substrate composition, biofilm support medium, and effluent recycling simultaneously elevated the concentration of genes. The results indicated that HCP augments the accumulation of ARG in the microbiome, subsequently, increasing the risk in ARG transmission from sewage treatment plants to the ecology and humans.
本研究旨在确定在没有任何抗生素流入的情况下，以洗衣粉和洗手液等家用化学品（HCP）为进料的厌氧生物膜反应器（ABR）中抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的存在情况。ABR采用三室设计，分别有底部污泥、含有流化PVC螺旋的中间室以及装有椰壳纤维作为生物膜支撑介质的顶部室。四个不同的ABR同时运行了较长时间（200天），并经历了物理化学条件的变化。以HCP为进料的ABR中，每克挥发性固体（VS）的对数（4.4 - 7.5）基因拷贝出现单独积累，而在以葡萄糖为进料的ABR中未检测到ARG，这表明HCP表现出与红霉素同义的抗菌活性。红霉素 - C（）在栖息于PVC支撑介质的生物膜上的积累相对较高，并且通过以0.65的/16S基因拷贝比进行出水循环，进一步加剧至对数7.5基因拷贝。诸如底物组成、生物膜支撑介质和出水循环等物理化学因素同时提高了基因的浓度。结果表明，HCP会增加微生物群落中ARG的积累，随后增加从污水处理厂向生态环境和人类传播ARG的风险。
