Department of Prevention and Community Health, The Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia.
Department of Anthropology and the Elliott School of International Affairs, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia.
J Community Psychol. 2020 Sep;48(7):2138-2155. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22368.
Structural marginalization exerts its effects through multiple social-ecological levels down to the individual behavior of youth violence and related risks. However, there is very little research or theoretical literature documenting or specifying mechanisms, paths, and linkages across levels. This paper traces one path in which long-term structural constraints intersect with the adolescent development process via a construct called the cultural persona-a form of archetype or model that embodies the value-structure, role, and performance of violence and related risk behavior within the kinds of underground or street economies that develop and persist in high-poverty communities as an outcome of structural marginalization. This mechanism is described, together with its limitations, along with examples and recommendations for interventions and further research.
结构性边缘化通过多个社会生态层面作用于年轻人暴力行为及其相关风险的个体行为。然而，很少有研究或理论文献记录或具体说明跨层次的机制、路径和联系。本文追溯了一条路径，其中长期结构性约束通过一种称为文化人格的结构与青少年发展过程相交织，文化人格是一种体现暴力和相关风险行为的价值结构、角色和表现的原型或模型，存在于在结构边缘化的结果中在高贫困社区中发展和持续存在的地下或街头经济中。本文描述了这种机制及其局限性，以及干预措施和进一步研究的建议。
