Zeiler K, Zeitlhofer J
Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Wien.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1988 Feb 19;100(4):93-9.
The most important neurological disorders leading to syncope and/or drop attack are presented. With respect to epilepsy it is important to consider generalized absence seizures (petit mal), generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal) and some types of complex partial seizures. Additionally, some sleep and arousal disorders must be mentioned, such as narcolepsy, disorders of excessive somnolence associated with sleep-induced respiratory impairment, as well as the Kleine-Levin-Critchley syndrome. Vagotonic, asympathicotonic, sympathicotonic and central autonomic disorders are comprised in the group of autonomic attacks. Among other brain diseases manifesting syncope and/or drop attack, cerebrovascular disorders are of major importance in view of their high incidence. Psychogenic seizures also have to be taken into account in the differential diagnosis.
文中介绍了导致晕厥和/或跌倒发作的最重要的神经系统疾病。对于癫痫，需要考虑全面性失神发作（小发作）、全面性强直阵挛发作（大发作）以及某些类型的复杂部分性发作。此外，还必须提及一些睡眠和觉醒障碍，如发作性睡病、与睡眠引起的呼吸障碍相关的过度嗜睡障碍，以及克莱恩-莱文-克里奇利综合征。自主神经发作包括迷走神经性、去交感神经性、交感神经性和中枢自主神经障碍。在表现为晕厥和/或跌倒发作的其他脑部疾病中，脑血管疾病因其高发病率而尤为重要。在鉴别诊断中还必须考虑精神性发作。
