Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2020 Dec;39(12):2378-2388. doi: 10.1002/etc.4861. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
Despite the widespread use of parabens as antimicrobial preservatives in personal care products (PCPs) and foodstuffs, recent studies show that exposure to parabens could result in endocrine disruption. The urinary methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben among 100 adolescents and their relationships with using 19 personal care and 18 food products were evaluated. Urinary paraben concentrations were significantly higher in the high-user group (8-19 products) compared to both low (0-3 products) and middle (4-7 products) user groups. The frequency of PCP use was associated with higher urinary levels of 4 parabens, and the frequency of food product use was associated with higher urinary methylparaben and ethylparaben. The use of mouthwash was associated with higher levels of methylparaben, ethylparaben, and propylparaben. Users of makeup base had higher methylparaben and propylparaben, users of eye makeup had higher propylparaben, and users of body wash, sunscreen, and lotion had higher urinary propylparaben than nonusers. Consumers of dairy products had significantly higher urinary methylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben, and cookie consumers had higher urinary methylparaben and ethylparaben, than nonusers. Consumers of canned foods and chips/snacks had higher methylparaben, and consumers of sauces and jams had higher ethylparaben than nonconsumers. The findings show that certain types of foods and personal care products could be important sources of paraben exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2378-2388. © 2020 SETAC.
尽管作为个人护理产品 (PCP) 和食品中的抗菌防腐剂，已广泛使用对羟基苯甲酸酯，但最近的研究表明，接触对羟基苯甲酸酯可能会导致内分泌干扰。评估了 100 名青少年的尿液中甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯、乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯、丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯和丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯，以及他们使用 19 种个人护理产品和 18 种食品产品的情况与这些物质的关系。与低（0-3 种产品）和中（4-7 种产品）使用者组相比，高（8-19 种产品）使用者组尿液中的对羟基苯甲酸酯浓度显著更高。个人护理产品使用频率与 4 种对羟基苯甲酸酯尿液水平升高相关，而食品产品使用频率与甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯和乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯尿液水平升高相关。使用漱口水与甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯、乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯和丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯水平升高相关。使用粉底的人尿液中甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯和丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯更高，使用眼影的人尿液中丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯更高，而使用沐浴露、防晒霜和乳液的人尿液中丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯高于不使用者。食用乳制品的人尿液中甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯、丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯和丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯显著更高，食用饼干的人尿液中甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯和乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯更高，而不食用这些食品的人则没有。食用罐头食品和薯片/零食的人尿液中甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯更高，食用酱汁和果酱的人尿液中乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯更高。这些发现表明，某些类型的食品和个人护理产品可能是对羟基苯甲酸酯暴露的重要来源。环境毒理化学 2020；39：2378-2388。© 2020 SETAC。
