Mahmoud Mohamed, Barbi Egidio, Mason Keira P
Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2020 Aug 24;9(9):2724. doi: 10.3390/jcm9092724.
Over the past few years, despite the lack of approved pediatric labelling, dexmedetomidine's (DEX) use has become more prevalent in pediatric clinical practice as well as in research trials. Its respiratory-sparing effects and bioavailability by various routes are only some of the valued features of DEX. In recent years the potential organ-protective effects of DEX, with the possibility for preserving neurocognitive function, has put it in the forefront of clinical and bench research. This comprehensive review focused on the pediatric literature but presents relevant, supporting adult and animal studies in order to detail the recent growing body of literature around the pharmacology, end-organ effects, organ-protective effects, alternative routes of administration, synergetic effects, and clinical applications, with considerations for the future.
在过去几年中，尽管右美托咪定（DEX）缺乏获批的儿科标签，但它在儿科临床实践以及研究试验中的使用已变得更加普遍。其呼吸保护作用和多种给药途径的生物利用度只是DEX的部分重要特性。近年来，DEX潜在的器官保护作用以及保留神经认知功能的可能性，使其处于临床和基础研究的前沿。本综述聚焦于儿科文献，但也呈现了相关的成人及动物研究以作支持，目的是详细阐述近期围绕药理学、终末器官效应、器官保护作用、替代给药途径、协同效应及临床应用等方面不断增加的文献，并对未来进行考量。
