藜麦种子多糖的理化性质、抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。
Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Polysaccharides from Quinoa ( Willd.) Seeds.
机构信息
Division of Bioresources and Health Product Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
出版信息
Molecules. 2020 Aug 24;25(17):3840. doi: 10.3390/molecules25173840.
Quinoa is known for its rich nutrients and bioactive compounds. In order to elucidate the preliminary structural characteristics and biological activity of polysaccharides from quinoa (QPs), five crude polysaccharides (QPE50, QPE60, QPE70, QPE80 and QPE90) were successively fractionated by gradient ethanol, and their physicochemical properties, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities were analyzed. The results implied that their total sugar contents were 52.82%, 63.69%, 67.15%, 44.56%, and 41.01%, and their weight-average molecular weights were 13,785 Da, 6489 Da, 4732 Da, 3318 Da, and 1960 Da, respectively. Glucose was a predominantly monosaccharide in these QPs, which together in QPE50, QPE60, QPE70, QPE80, and QPE90, respectively, made up 94.37%, 87.92%, 92.21%, 100%, and 100% of the total polysaccharide. Congo red test showed that all five QPs contained triple-helix structure. The Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) results suggest that the QPs form a semi-crystalline polymer constituted typical functional groups of polysaccharide including CO, CH and OH. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of QPs showed that weight loss was at about 200 °C and 320 °C. The observation from scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) image indicated that the morphology of QPs exhibited spherical shape. Antioxidant and antidiabetic assay exhibited that all five QPs samples had certain antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, and QPE90 showed the best antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. Overall, QPs present a promising natural source of food antioxidants and antidiabetic agents.
藜麦以其丰富的营养成分和生物活性化合物而闻名。为了阐明藜麦多糖（QPs）的初步结构特征和生物活性，我们连续采用梯度乙醇对五种粗多糖（QPE50、QPE60、QPE70、QPE80 和 QPE90）进行了分步分离，并对其理化性质、抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性进行了分析。结果表明，它们的总糖含量分别为 52.82%、63.69%、67.15%、44.56%和 41.01%，重均分子量分别为 13785 Da、6489 Da、4732 Da、3318 Da 和 1960 Da。这些 QPs 中的主要单糖均为葡萄糖，其中 QPE50、QPE60、QPE70、QPE80 和 QPE90 中的葡萄糖分别占总多糖的 94.37%、87.92%、92.21%、100%和 100%。刚果红试验表明，这五种 QPs 均含有三螺旋结构。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）结果表明，QPs 形成了由 CO、CH 和 OH 等多糖典型官能团构成的半结晶聚合物。QPs 的热重分析（TGA）表明，重量损失发生在大约 200°C 和 320°C。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）图像的观察结果表明，QPs 的形态呈球形。抗氧化和抗糖尿病实验表明，这五种 QPs 样品均具有一定的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性，其中 QPE90 表现出最佳的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。总的来说，QPs 是一种很有前途的天然抗氧化剂和抗糖尿病药物来源。
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