Xi Xiaomin, Fan Guanghe, Xue Huimin, Peng Shuai, Huang Weidong, Zhan Jicheng
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jul 10;13(7):829. doi: 10.3390/antiox13070829.
Quinoa, a globally cultivated "golden grain" belonging to in the family, is recognized for being gluten-free, with a balanced amino acid profile and multiple bioactive components, including peptides, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and saponins. The bioactive compounds extracted from quinoa offer multifaceted health benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardiovascular disease (CVD) improvement, gut microbiota regulation, and anti-cancer effects. This review aims to intricately outline quinoa's nutritional value, functional components, and physiological benefits. Importantly, we comprehensively provide conclusions on the effects and mechanisms of these quinoa-derived bioactive components on multiple cancer types, revealing the potential of quinoa seeds as promising and effective anti-cancer agents. Furthermore, the health-promoting role of quinoa in modulating gut microbiota, maintaining gut homeostasis, and protecting intestinal integrity was specifically emphasized. Finally, we provided a forward-looking description of the opportunities and challenges for the future exploration of quinoa. However, in-depth studies of molecular targets and clinical trials are warranted to fully understand the bioavailability and therapeutic application of quinoa-derived compounds, especially in cancer treatment and gut microbiota regulation. This review sheds light on the prospect of developing dietary quinoa into functional foods or drugs to prevent and manage human diseases.
藜麦是一种全球种植的“金色谷物”，属于藜科，因其不含麸质、氨基酸组成平衡以及含有多种生物活性成分（包括肽、多糖、多酚和皂苷）而闻名。从藜麦中提取的生物活性化合物具有多方面的健康益处，包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、改善心血管疾病（CVD）、调节肠道微生物群和抗癌作用。本综述旨在详细概述藜麦的营养价值、功能成分和生理益处。重要的是，我们全面总结了这些源自藜麦的生物活性成分对多种癌症类型的作用和机制，揭示了藜麦种子作为有前景的有效抗癌剂的潜力。此外，特别强调了藜麦在调节肠道微生物群、维持肠道稳态和保护肠道完整性方面的健康促进作用。最后，我们对藜麦未来探索的机遇和挑战进行了前瞻性描述。然而，有必要对分子靶点进行深入研究并开展临床试验，以充分了解源自藜麦的化合物的生物利用度和治疗应用，特别是在癌症治疗和肠道微生物群调节方面。本综述为将食用藜麦开发成功能性食品或药物以预防和管理人类疾病的前景提供了思路。
