Ahmadian Leila, Haghshenas Mohammad Reza, Mirzaei Bahman, Norouzi Bazgir Zahra, Goli Hamid Reza
Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Aug 11;13:2773-2781. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S263759. eCollection 2020.
The integrons, as the mobile exogenous elements, play a prominent role in the spreading of antimicrobial resistance genes from seudomonas clinical isolates to other bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of class 1 integrons andresistance gene cassettes carrying by them in clinical isolates as well as multidrug resistant .
A total of 100 clinical isolates of were collected from 5 hospitals in Mazandaran province, north Iran. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was evaluated using the disk agar diffusion method. Genomic DNAs were extracted and then the presence of class 1 integrons was detected by the PCR test. All PCR products of the positive isolates were sequenced for the detection of resistance gene cassettes by the Sanger method.
Forty-one percent of the clinical isolates were multi-drug resistant. Also, 42% of the isolates were contained class 1 integron, and 61.9% of the integron positive isolates were detected as MDR. We detected 10 different gene cassettes sizing from 0.6 to 3.5 kb in the present study. The sequencing analysis of the internal variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed that the 0.75 kb gene cassette () was the most frequent resistance gene (54.76%) among all clinical isolates, as well as the MDR isolates. Other resistance genes detected in this study were included: A6-D (35.71%), A4- (21.42%), B-A4- (19.04%), -A4-1 (11.9%), A4-B10 (7.14%), A5-A1-A5 (7.14%), -A2 (4.76%), and (3)-Ic-A5-A5 (4.76%). To the best of our knowledge, A4 cassette array is detected for the first time in this study.
The treatment of infections caused by in this region of Iran is a major problem due to the high prevalence of class 1 integrons. It seems that the high prescription of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides for the treatment of these infections may be replaced by other combination therapy stewardships.
整合子作为可移动的外源元件，在将抗菌药物耐药基因从铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株传播到其他细菌的过程中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在调查1类整合子及其携带的耐药基因盒在临床分离株以及多重耐药菌中的频率。
从伊朗北部马赞德兰省的5家医院共收集了100株铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株。采用纸片琼脂扩散法评估分离株的抗生素敏感性模式。提取基因组DNA，然后通过PCR检测1类整合子的存在。对所有阳性分离株的PCR产物进行测序，采用桑格法检测耐药基因盒。
41%的临床分离株为多重耐药菌。此外，42%的分离株含有1类整合子，61.9%的整合子阳性分离株被检测为多重耐药菌。在本研究中，我们检测到10种大小从0.6到3.5 kb的不同基因盒。1类整合子内部可变区的测序分析表明，0.75 kb基因盒（）是所有临床分离株以及多重耐药分离株中最常见的耐药基因（54.76%）。本研究中检测到的其他耐药基因包括：A6-D（35.71%）、A4-（21.42%）、B-A4-（19.04%）、-A4-1（11.9%）、A4-B10（7.14%）、A5-A1-A5（7.14%）、-A2（4.76%）和(3)-Ic-A5-A5（4.76%）。据我们所知，本研究首次检测到A4基因盒阵列。
由于1类整合子的高流行率，在伊朗这个地区，由铜绿假单胞菌引起的感染治疗是一个主要问题。似乎用于治疗这些感染的β-内酰胺类和氨基糖苷类药物的高处方量可能会被其他联合治疗管理措施所取代。
