Department of Infectious Disease, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
J Int Med Res. 2020 Aug;48(8):300060520946544. doi: 10.1177/0300060520946544.
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after starting antiretroviral treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has a wide variety of causes. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of IRIS is fatal. We report a case of a 21-year-old man with HIV infection and pneumonia. The patient presented with fever and dyspnea with deterioration of pulmonary infiltrations 5 days after starting antiretroviral treatment. We reached the diagnosis of IRIS based on radial endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided lung biopsy. In conclusion, radial EBUS-guided lung biopsy via bronchoscopy is a valuable and minimally invasive technique for the rapid diagnosis of IRIS-associated pneumonia.
免疫重建炎症综合征（IRIS）是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者开始抗逆转录病毒治疗后的一种并发症，其病因多种多样。如果不能及时诊断和治疗 IRIS，患者将有生命危险。我们报告了一例 HIV 感染合并肺炎的 21 岁男性患者。该患者在开始抗逆转录病毒治疗 5 天后出现发热和呼吸困难，肺部浸润加重。我们根据径向支气管内超声（EBUS）引导下的肺活检结果诊断为 IRIS。总之，经支气管镜径向 EBUS 引导下的肺活检是一种快速诊断 IRIS 相关性肺炎的有价值的微创技术。
