Yang Qiuli, Wang Yuexin, Jia Anna, Wang Yufei, Bi Yujing, Liu Guangwei
Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
J Cell Physiol. 2021 Apr;236(4):2239-2254. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30024. Epub 2020 Aug 27.
The gut of mammals is considered as a harmonious ecosystem mediated by intestinal microbiota and the host. Both bacteria and mammalian immune cells show region-related distribution characteristics, and the interaction between the two could be demonstrated by synergetic roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and dysregulation in intestinal inflammation. The harmonious interplay between bacteria and host requires fine-tuned regulations by environmental and genetic factors. Thus, the disturbed immune response to microbial components or metabolites and dysbiosis related to immunodeficiency are absolute risk factors to intestinal inflammation and cancer. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between bacteria and host immunity in the gut and highlight the critical roles of bidirectional regulation between bacteria and the mammalian immune system involved in intestinal inflammation.
哺乳动物的肠道被认为是一个由肠道微生物群和宿主介导的和谐生态系统。细菌和哺乳动物免疫细胞均呈现出与区域相关的分布特征，二者之间的相互作用可通过在维持肠道稳态及肠道炎症失调方面的协同作用得以体现。细菌与宿主之间的和谐相互作用需要环境和遗传因素进行精细调节。因此，对微生物成分或代谢产物的免疫反应紊乱以及与免疫缺陷相关的生态失调是引发肠道炎症和癌症的绝对危险因素。在本综述中，我们讨论了肠道中细菌与宿主免疫之间的相互作用，并强调了细菌与哺乳动物免疫系统之间的双向调节在肠道炎症中所起的关键作用。
