MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
J Control Release. 2020 Dec 10;328:395-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.021. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Antibody has become the most rapidly expanding class of pharmaceuticals for treating a wide variety of human diseases including cancers. Especially, with the fast development of cancer immunotherapy, antibody drugs have become the most promising therapeutic for curing cancers. Immune-mediated cell killing by antibodies including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cell phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) as well as regulation of T cell function through immune checkpoint blockade. Due to the absence of Fc fragment, antibody fragments including single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) and single-domain antibodies (sdAds) are mainly applied in chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cell therapy for redirecting T cells to tumors and T cell activation by immune checkpoint blockade. In this review, the cancer immunity is first discussed. Then the principal mechanisms of antibody-based immunotherapy will be reviewed. Next, the antibody and antibody fragments applied for cancer immunotherapy will be summarized. Bispecific and multispecific antibodies and a combination of cancer immunotherapy with other tumor treatments will also be mentioned. Finally, an outlook and perspective of antibody-based cancer immunotherapy will be given. This review would provide a comprehensive guidance for the researchers who are interested in and intended to involve in the antibodies- or antibody fragments-based tumor immunity.
抗体已成为治疗包括癌症在内的多种人类疾病的增长最快的一类药物。特别是随着癌症免疫疗法的快速发展，抗体药物已成为治疗癌症最有前途的治疗方法。抗体通过免疫介导的细胞杀伤作用，包括抗体依赖性细胞毒性（ADCC）、抗体依赖性细胞吞噬作用（ADCP）和补体依赖性细胞毒性（CDC），以及通过免疫检查点阻断来调节 T 细胞功能。由于缺乏 Fc 片段，抗体片段包括单链可变片段（scFvs）和单域抗体（sdAds），主要应用于嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T 细胞疗法，用于将 T 细胞重新定向到肿瘤，并通过免疫检查点阻断激活 T 细胞。在这篇综述中，首先讨论了癌症免疫。然后将回顾基于抗体的免疫疗法的主要机制。接下来，将总结用于癌症免疫治疗的抗体和抗体片段。双特异性和多特异性抗体以及将癌症免疫疗法与其他肿瘤治疗相结合也将被提及。最后，将对抗体为基础的癌症免疫疗法进行展望和分析。这篇综述将为有兴趣和有意参与基于抗体或抗体片段的肿瘤免疫的研究人员提供全面的指导。
