Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Austria.
Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Austria.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2020 Oct;210:103164. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103164. Epub 2020 Aug 25.
Previous research has demonstrated that individuals are more likely to engage in imitation of movements when the observed behavior is psychologically proximal. The present research tested whether movement imitation of proximal behavior is increased even when imitation is in conflict with own task goals. Participants completed a connect-the-dots task that was presented as either a speed task or an accuracy task. Additionally, participants watched a video of a person modeling the solution to the task in a way that contradicted the stated goal. Temporal distance to the model was manipulated in Experiment 1. Participants imitated the model's way to solve the task more when the model was proximal and followed the task goal comparably more when the model was distant. Experiment 2 replicated the effect with a direct mindset manipulation and additionally ruled out an alternative explanation (i.e., a stronger goal focus when thinking abstractly).
先前的研究表明，当观察到的行为在心理上更接近时，个体更有可能进行模仿。本研究测试了即使模仿与自己的任务目标相冲突，是否仍然会增加对近端行为的模仿。参与者完成了一个连线任务，该任务被呈现为速度任务或准确性任务。此外，参与者观看了一个人以与既定目标相矛盾的方式解决任务的视频。在实验 1 中，对模型的时间距离进行了操作。当模型较近时，参与者更倾向于模仿模型解决任务的方式，而当模型较远时，参与者更倾向于遵循任务目标。实验 2 用直接的思维模式操作复制了这种效果，并排除了另一种解释（即，当抽象思考时，目标的关注更强）。
