School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jan 1;750:141579. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141579. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
Understanding the effects of environmental factors on birth outcomes is crucial for public health because newborns' birth size affects their likelihood of childhood survival, risk of perinatal morbidity, and subsequent health and growth. Therefore, we investigated the associations of birth outcomes with prenatal air pollutant exposure and residential land use characteristics in the Greater Taipei Area.
Participants were selected from the Longitudinal Examination across Prenatal and Postpartum Health in Taiwan study, which is an ongoing prospective study launched in July 2011. Parental sociodemographic data and medical histories were collected using standardized questionnaires. Mean air pollutant levels during each trimester were estimated using the spatial interpolation technique (Ordinary Kriging). Land use types surrounding participants' homes were evaluated within a designated radius of their residential addresses. We used multiple regressions to examine relationships between birth outcomes (i.e., birth weight, height, and head circumference) and environmental factors after adjustment for parental characteristics.
A total of 436 pregnant women-infant pairs were included. Birth weight was negatively associated with commercial land and greenhouse areas near the residence. Living near greenhouse areas negatively affected birth height, but higher greenness level within 100 m of the residence had a positive effect. Birth head circumference was only associated with sociodemographic factors in the multivariate model.
Land use types near the homes of pregnant women, but not exposure to air pollutants, were significantly associated with birth weight and height in the Greater Taipei Area. Increased greenness level was positively associated with birth height, and living near commercial or greenhouse areas had adverse effects on birth outcomes. Living in a healthy neighborhood is critical for the birth outcomes of infants and presumably their health in early childhood.
了解环境因素对出生结果的影响对公共卫生至关重要，因为新生儿的出生大小会影响其在儿童期的生存几率、围产期发病率风险，以及随后的健康和生长。因此，我们研究了大台北地区出生结果与产前空气污染物暴露和居住用地特征之间的关联。
参与者选自台湾产前和产后健康纵向研究，这是一项于 2011 年 7 月启动的正在进行的前瞻性研究。使用标准化问卷收集父母的社会人口统计学数据和病史。使用空间插值技术（普通克里金法）估算每个孕期的平均空气污染物水平。评估参与者家附近的土地利用类型，范围为其居住地址的指定半径内。我们使用多元回归来检查出生结果（即出生体重、身高和头围）与环境因素之间的关系，调整父母特征后进行分析。
共纳入 436 对孕妇-婴儿。出生体重与居住地附近的商业用地和温室区呈负相关。居住在温室区附近会对出生身高产生负面影响，但居住地址 100 米范围内的绿化水平较高会产生积极影响。出生头围仅与多变量模型中的社会人口因素相关。
孕妇家附近的土地利用类型，而不是空气污染物暴露，与大台北地区的出生体重和身高显著相关。绿化水平的提高与出生身高呈正相关，而居住在商业或温室区附近对出生结果有不利影响。居住在健康的社区对婴儿的出生结果至关重要，可能对其幼儿期的健康也有影响。
