Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Biol Reprod. 2023 Jul 11;109(1):1-16. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioad042.
The microbiome has been shown, or implicated to be involved, in multiple facets of human health and disease, including not only gastrointestinal health but also metabolism, immunity, and neurology. Although the predominant focus of microbiome research has been on the gut, other microbial communities such as the vaginal or cervical microbiome are likely involved in physiological homeostasis. Emerging studies also aim to understand the role of different microbial niches, such as the endometrial or placental microbial communities, on the physiology and pathophysiology of reproduction, including their impact on reproductive success and the etiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). The study of the microbiome during pregnancy, specifically how changes in maternal microbial communities can lead to dysfunction and disease, can advance the understanding of reproductive health and the etiology of APOs. In this review, we will discuss the current state of non-human primate (NHP) reproductive microbiome research, highlight the progress with NHP models of reproduction, and the diagnostic potential of microbial alterations in a clinical setting to promote pregnancy health. NHP reproductive biology studies have the potential to expand the knowledge and understanding of female reproductive tract microbial communities and host-microbe or microbe-microbe interactions associated with reproductive health through sequencing and analysis. Furthermore, in this review, we aim to demonstrate that macaques are uniquely suited as high-fidelity models of human female reproductive pathology.
微生物组已被证明或涉及人类健康和疾病的多个方面，不仅包括胃肠道健康，还包括代谢、免疫和神经学。尽管微生物组研究的主要焦点是肠道，但其他微生物群落，如阴道或宫颈微生物组，可能与生理稳态有关。新兴的研究还旨在了解不同微生物生态位的作用，如子宫内膜或胎盘微生物群落，对生殖生理学和病理生理学的影响，包括它们对生殖成功和不良妊娠结局（APO）病因的影响。对怀孕期间微生物组的研究，特别是母体微生物群落的变化如何导致功能障碍和疾病，可以促进对生殖健康和 APO 病因的理解。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论非人类灵长类动物（NHP）生殖微生物组研究的现状，强调 NHP 生殖模型的进展，以及微生物改变在临床环境中的诊断潜力，以促进妊娠健康。NHP 生殖生物学研究有可能通过测序和分析，扩展对女性生殖道微生物群落以及与生殖健康相关的宿主-微生物或微生物-微生物相互作用的知识和理解。此外，在这篇综述中，我们旨在表明，猕猴是研究人类女性生殖病理学的高度逼真模型。
