Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Chronobiol Int. 2020 Sep-Oct;37(9-10):1392-1399. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1807561. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
It is typical of night workers to consume a large dinner meal before their work shift, even though this practice may increase the risk for metabolic disorders. Night workers usually eat at night to socialize with colleagues as well as to stay alert and to avoid upset stomach during the night shift. However, little is known if and how the composition of the nighttime meal by night shift workers influences their food perceptions and eating behavior later during the day. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a high-protein/moderate-carbohydrate (HP/MCHO) meal vs. low-protein/high-carbohydrate (LP/HCHO) meal eaten at night by night-shift workers on their food consumption and perceptions later during the day. Fourteen male night shift workers were followed-up for 7 days for their eating and sleep habits. Then, participants underwent two isocaloric dietary events - one event a HP/MCHO meal containing 45% carbohydrate, 35% protein, and 20% fat and the other event a LP/HCHO meal containing 65% carbohydrate, 15% protein, and 20% fat, with a 6-day washout period between them - at 01:00 h during their night shift. Thereafter throughout the day, participants filled a food register of all the food consumed and perceptions, including hunger before meals, enjoyment of meals, and satiety. Generalized estimating equation analyses were used to examine the effect of both conditions on food consumption and food perceptions. Appetite for salty food snacks was greater after the HP/MCHO condition than after the LP/HCHO condition ( = .041). During the day following consumption of the nighttime HP/MCHO vs. LP/HCHO meal, there was higher percentage of carbohydrate consumption during lunch and a lower percentage of fat consumption during dinner (48.14% vs. 36.98% and 27.34% vs. 40.39%, respectively). These findings suggest the composition in terms of carbohydrates, protein, and fats of the meal consumed for the night shift by night workers may affect later during the day both food consumption and perceptions.
夜班工人在轮班前通常会吃一顿丰盛的晚餐，尽管这种做法可能会增加代谢紊乱的风险。夜班工人通常在夜间与同事一起用餐，以保持警觉，并避免在夜班期间胃部不适。然而，对于夜班工人在夜间吃的夜宵的组成如何影响他们白天的食物感知和进食行为，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在分析夜班工人夜间摄入高蛋白/中等碳水化合物（HP/MCHO）餐与低蛋白/高碳水化合物（LP/HCHO）餐对他们白天食物摄入和感知的影响。14 名男性夜班工人连续 7 天跟踪他们的饮食和睡眠习惯。然后，参与者进行了两次等热量的饮食事件——一次是 HP/MCHO 餐，含有 45%的碳水化合物、35%的蛋白质和 20%的脂肪，另一次是 LP/HCHO 餐，含有 65%的碳水化合物、15%的蛋白质和 20%的脂肪，两者之间有 6 天的洗脱期——在夜班的凌晨 1 点进行。此后，在白天，参与者填写了一份食物登记册，记录所有摄入的食物和感知，包括餐前饥饿感、用餐愉悦感和饱腹感。广义估计方程分析用于检查两种条件对食物摄入和食物感知的影响。在 HP/MCHO 条件下，对咸食小吃的食欲大于 LP/HCHO 条件（ =.041）。在夜间摄入 HP/MCHO 与 LP/HCHO 餐后的白天，午餐时碳水化合物的摄入量较高，晚餐时脂肪的摄入量较低（分别为 48.14%比 36.98%和 27.34%比 40.39%）。这些发现表明，夜班工人夜间食用的夜宵的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪组成可能会影响白天的食物摄入和感知。
