UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
J Psychopharmacol. 2020 Nov;34(11):1237-1249. doi: 10.1177/0269881120940913. Epub 2020 Aug 27.
Experimental studies have investigated the effects of physical, psychological and pharmacological stressors (that induce state anxiety) on alcohol outcomes. However, no study has investigated the effects of state anxiety on alcohol outcomes, and the moderating role of drinking to cope (DTC) motives, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO) challenge.
We aimed to investigate the relationships between state anxiety and alcohol-related outcomes (primarily alcohol choice). We also explored whether DTC motives moderated these relationships.
We conducted two experiments using the 7.5% CO challenge (Studies 1 and 2) and an observational study (Study 3) (s = 42, 60 and 219, respectively), to triangulate findings.
In Study 1, experimentally induced state anxiety increased alcohol choice ( < .001, = .29). This finding was replicated in Study 2, but the effect was weaker ( = .076, = .06). Furthermore, DTC moderated the effect ( = .013, 11). However, in Study 3 there was no clear evidence of an association between naturally occurring state anxiety and alcohol choice ( = 0.05, = .655), or a moderating role of DTC ( = 0.01, = .852).
Experimentally induced, but not naturally occurring, state anxiety increases alcohol choice, although state anxiety levels were lower in the non-manipulated sample.
实验研究已经调查了身体、心理和药理学应激源（引起状态焦虑）对酒精结果的影响。然而，没有研究调查状态焦虑对酒精结果的影响，也没有研究使用 7.5%二氧化碳（CO）挑战来研究应对性饮酒（DTC）动机的调节作用。
我们旨在调查状态焦虑与酒精相关结果（主要是酒精选择）之间的关系。我们还探讨了 DTC 动机是否调节了这些关系。
我们使用 7.5% CO 挑战进行了两项实验（研究 1 和 2）和一项观察性研究（研究 3）（s = 42、60 和 219），以三角验证结果。
在研究 1 中，实验诱导的状态焦虑增加了酒精选择（<0.001， =0.29）。这一发现在研究 2 中得到了复制，但效果较弱（=0.076， =0.06）。此外，DTC 调节了这种关系（=0.013，11）。然而，在研究 3 中，自然发生的状态焦虑与酒精选择之间没有明显的关联（ =0.05， =0.655），也没有 DTC 的调节作用（=0.01， =0.852）。
实验诱导的，但不是自然发生的，状态焦虑增加了酒精选择，尽管在未操纵的样本中状态焦虑水平较低。
