Hardy Lorna, Parker Steph, Hartley Lucie, Hogarth Lee
School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter.
Smoking Cessation Service, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital (Wonford).
Behav Pharmacol. 2018 Dec;29(8):716-725. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000421.
Concurrent choice tasks, where participants choose between a drug versus natural reward, predict dependence vulnerability in animals and humans. However, the sensitivity of concurrent choice tasks to multiple risk factors in treatment-engaged drug users has not been comprehensively tested. In experiment 1, 33 recently hospitalized smokers who were engaged with the smoking cessation service made forced choices between enlarging pictures of people smoking versus not smoking. In experiment 2, 48 drinkers who were engaged in an outpatient alcohol treatment service made forced choices between enlarging pictures of alcohol versus food. In these experiments, percent drug picture choice was significantly associated with dependence severity, craving, self-reported reasons for drug use (negative coping and cued craving), depression, anxiety, withdrawal intolerance, drug use frequency prior to treatment, and current abstinence status (coefficients ranged from r=0.39 to 0.66). The concurrent pictorial drug choice task is sensitive to multiple risk factors in clinical, treatment-engaged drug users, and may be used to identify individuals requiring more support, to test experimental treatment manipulations, and to translate to animal concurrent self-administration procedures.
在同时选择任务中，参与者要在药物奖励和自然奖励之间做出选择，这类任务能够预测动物和人类的成瘾易感性。然而，同时选择任务对正在接受治疗的吸毒者中多种风险因素的敏感性尚未得到全面测试。在实验1中，33名最近住院且正在接受戒烟服务的吸烟者，要在放大的吸烟者图片和不吸烟者图片之间做出强制选择。在实验2中，48名正在接受门诊酒精治疗服务的饮酒者，要在放大的酒精图片和食物图片之间做出强制选择。在这些实验中，选择药物图片的百分比与成瘾严重程度、渴望程度、自我报告的吸毒原因（消极应对和提示性渴望）、抑郁、焦虑、戒断不耐受、治疗前的吸毒频率以及当前的戒断状态显著相关（相关系数范围为r = 0.39至0.66）。同时进行的图片药物选择任务对正在接受临床治疗的吸毒者中的多种风险因素敏感，可用于识别需要更多支持的个体、测试实验性治疗操作，并转化为动物同时进行的自我给药程序。
