School of Economics and Trade, Hunan University, Changsha, 410079, China.
School of Economics and Trade, Hunan University, Changsha, 410079, China.
J Environ Manage. 2020 Oct 15;272:111076. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111076. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
The rise and gradually developing of global value chains (GVC) have changed the essence of international trade, and further complicated the issue of carbon emission. It is of great significance to identify and study the practical carbon intensity in a country under the condition of GVC. Based on Inter-country Input-Output (ICIO) model, this paper establishes a framework for measuring the carbon intensities embodied in aggregated demand and distinguishing pure domestic demand, traditional trade, simple GVC route, complex GVC route at the global level and for 41 economies from 2010 to 2014 according to demand heterogeneity, and uses multiplicative structural decomposition analysis (SDA) method to decompose the driving factors affecting their changes. The results indicate that, in most developed countries, the carbon intensities embodied in international trade were significantly greater than pure domestic carbon intensity, whereas it was opposite in most developing countries. The carbon intensity embodied in traditional trade was generally lower than that in GVC routes, and in low carbon intensity (high carbon intensity) sub-group, the carbon intensity embodied in simple GVC route was lower (higher) than that in complex GVC route. Moreover, the emission coefficient effect was the main driver of the decline in almost all carbon intensities, especially embodied carbon intensity in GVC routes. On the contrary, the intermediate import effect was the main inhibitor, and this effect would cause more rise to embodied carbon intensity in simple GVC route, compared to embodied carbon intensity in complex GVC route.
全球价值链（GVC）的兴起和逐渐发展改变了国际贸易的本质，进一步使碳排放问题复杂化。在 GVC 条件下，确定和研究一个国家的实际碳强度具有重要意义。本文基于国家间投入产出（ICIO）模型，根据需求异质性，建立了一个在全球层面和 2010-2014 年期间对 41 个经济体进行综合需求和区分纯国内需求、传统贸易、简单 GVC 路径、复杂 GVC 路径的碳强度的测算框架，并利用乘法结构分解分析（SDA）方法对影响其变化的驱动因素进行分解。结果表明，在大多数发达国家，国际贸易中隐含的碳强度明显大于纯国内碳强度，而在大多数发展中国家则相反。传统贸易中隐含的碳强度普遍低于 GVC 路径，在低碳强度（高碳强度）子组中，简单 GVC 路径中隐含的碳强度低于（高于）复杂 GVC 路径。此外，排放系数效应是几乎所有碳强度下降的主要驱动因素，特别是 GVC 路径中隐含的碳强度。相反，中间投入进口效应是主要的抑制因素，与复杂 GVC 路径相比，它会导致简单 GVC 路径中隐含的碳强度上升更多。
