School of Economy and Trade, Hunan University, 410079, Changsha, Hunan, China.
School of Engineering Management, Hunan University of Finance and Economics, 410205, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Sep;27(25):32062-32075. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09130-3. Epub 2020 Jun 6.
As a global problem, climate warming has received widespread attention recently. With trade development and labor division deepening, there exist large differences in carbon emission intensity (CEI) embodied in different trade patterns. Assessing environmental costs of different trade patterns is the core issue for policy makers. We decompose the overall CEI embodied in trade into CEI embodied in final goods trade, domestic trade, traditional intermediate trade, and global value chain trade. Using global multi-region input-output table provided by the WIOD database, we calculate the CEI embodied in different trade patterns during 1995-2014. Further, we analyze the influencing factors of CEI embodied in different trade patterns. We find that CEI embodied in domestic trade is lower than that of international trade. All kinds of embodied CEI in developing countries are higher than that in developed countries. Furthermore, the driving factors of the overall embodied CEI, including domestic trade and international trade, are population, PGDP, energy intensity, and trade. The expansion of industrialization can effectively reduce the CEI embodied in trade of developing countries. The increase of PGDP and industrialization can effectively reduce the CEI embodied in trade related to global value chain and traditional intermediate trade, while only the increase of PGDP can effectively reduce the CEI embodied in domestic trade and final goods trade. Population can reduce the embodied CEI in trade related to global value chain and traditional intermediate trade of developed countries. Economic development can almost promote the reduction of the CEI embodied in all trade patterns. Although industrialization has insignificant impact on the CEI embodied in final goods trade of the developed countries, it can reduce such CEI of developing countries.
作为一个全球性问题，气候变暖最近受到了广泛关注。随着贸易发展和分工深化，不同贸易模式所蕴含的碳排放量强度（CEI）存在较大差异。评估不同贸易模式的环境成本是政策制定者的核心问题。我们将贸易中隐含的总 CEI 分解为最终商品贸易、国内贸易、传统中间贸易和全球价值链贸易所隐含的 CEI。利用 WIOD 数据库提供的全球多区域投入产出表，我们计算了 1995-2014 年不同贸易模式所隐含的 CEI。进一步，我们分析了不同贸易模式所隐含的 CEI 的影响因素。我们发现，国内贸易所隐含的 CEI 低于国际贸易。发展中国家的各种隐含 CEI 都高于发达国家。此外，包括国内贸易和国际贸易在内的总隐含 CEI 的驱动因素有人口、PGDP、能源强度和贸易。工业化的扩张可以有效地降低发展中国家贸易中隐含的 CEI。PGDP 和工业化的增加可以有效地降低与全球价值链和传统中间贸易相关的贸易隐含 CEI，而只有 PGDP 的增加可以有效地降低国内贸易和最终商品贸易中隐含的 CEI。人口可以降低发达国家与全球价值链和传统中间贸易相关的贸易隐含 CEI。经济发展几乎可以促进所有贸易模式中隐含的 CEI 的减少。尽管工业化对发达国家最终商品贸易隐含的 CEI 没有显著影响，但它可以降低发展中国家的此类 CEI。
