Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2020 Jul 10;9(8):15. doi: 10.1167/tvst.9.8.15. eCollection 2020 Jul.
Search in repeatedly presented visual search displays can benefit from implicit learning of the display items' spatial configuration. This effect has been named contextual cueing. Previously, contextual cueing was found to be reduced in observers with foveal or peripheral vision loss. Whereas this previous work used symbolic (T among L-shape) search displays with arbitrary configurations, here we investigated search in realistic scenes. Search in meaningful realistic scenes may benefit much more from explicit memory of the target location. We hypothesized that this explicit recall of the target location reduces visuospatial working memory demands on search considerably, thereby enabling efficient search guidance by learnt contextual cues in observers with vision loss.
Two experiments with gaze-contingent scotoma simulation (Experiment 1: central scotoma, Experiment 2: peripheral scotoma) were carried out with normal-sighted observers (total n = 39/40). Observers had to find a cup in pseudorealistic indoor scenes and discriminate the direction of the cup's handle.
With both central and peripheral scotoma simulation, contextual cueing was observed in repeatedly presented configurations.
The data show that patients suffering from central or peripheral vision loss may benefit more from memory-guided visual search than would be expected from scotoma simulation and patient studies using abstract symbolic search displays.
In the assessment of visual search in patients with vision loss, semantically meaningless abstract search displays may gain insights into deficient search functions, but more realistic meaningful search scenes are needed to assess whether search deficits can be compensated.
在重复呈现的视觉搜索显示中进行搜索，可以从对显示项目空间配置的隐性学习中受益。这种效果被称为语境线索化。此前，已经发现，在有中心或周边视力丧失的观察者中，语境线索化会减少。虽然之前的工作使用了具有任意配置的符号（T 形中的 L 形）搜索显示，但在这里，我们研究了真实场景中的搜索。在有意义的真实场景中进行搜索可能会更多地受益于对目标位置的明确记忆。我们假设，这种对目标位置的明确回忆大大减少了搜索对视觉空间工作记忆的需求，从而使有视力丧失的观察者能够通过学习到的语境线索有效地指导搜索。
进行了两项具有注视相关盲点模拟（实验 1：中心盲点，实验 2：周边盲点）的实验，参与者为正常视力的观察者（总 n = 39/40）。观察者必须在拟真的室内场景中找到一个杯子，并辨别杯子把手的方向。
在中央和周边盲点模拟中，均观察到了语境线索化。
数据表明，患有中心或周边视力丧失的患者可能比预期的从盲点模拟和使用抽象符号搜索显示的患者研究中，从记忆引导的视觉搜索中受益更多。
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