Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland.
Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
Dis Model Mech. 2020 Aug 23;13(8):dmm045716. doi: 10.1242/dmm.045716.
Tuberculosis is a chronic infection by that results in over 1.5 million deaths worldwide each year. Currently, there is only one vaccine against tuberculosis, the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Despite widespread vaccination programmes, over 10 million new infections are diagnosed yearly, with almost half a million cases caused by antibiotic-resistant strains. Novel vaccination strategies concentrate mainly on replacing BCG or boosting its efficacy and depend on animal models that accurately recapitulate the human disease. However, efforts to produce new vaccines against an infection have encountered several challenges, including the complexity of pathogenesis and limited knowledge of the protective immune responses. The preclinical evaluation of novel tuberculosis vaccine candidates is also hampered by the lack of an appropriate animal model that could accurately predict the protective effect of vaccines in humans. Here, we review the role of zebrafish () and other fish models in the development of novel vaccines against tuberculosis and discuss how these models complement the more traditional mammalian models of tuberculosis.
结核病是一种由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性感染，每年导致全球超过 150 万人死亡。目前，只有一种结核病疫苗，即卡介苗（BCG）疫苗。尽管广泛开展了疫苗接种计划，但每年仍有超过 1000 万人被新诊断出患有结核病感染，其中近一半病例是由抗生素耐药菌株引起的。新的疫苗接种策略主要集中在替代卡介苗或增强其功效上，并依赖于能够准确再现人类疾病的动物模型。然而，针对结核分枝杆菌感染的新型疫苗的研发工作遇到了几个挑战，包括发病机制的复杂性和对保护性免疫反应的了解有限。新型结核病疫苗候选物的临床前评估也受到缺乏能够准确预测疫苗在人类中的保护效果的合适动物模型的阻碍。在这里，我们回顾了斑马鱼（）和其他鱼类模型在开发新型结核病疫苗方面的作用，并讨论了这些模型如何补充更为传统的结核病哺乳动物模型。
