J Pediatr Health Care. 2020 Sep-Oct;34(5):e37-e48. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.04.004.
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth experience adverse sexual health outcomes at higher rates than their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Although parent-adolescent sex communication (PASC) is associated with improved sexual health outcomes among heterosexual youth, less is known about PASC with SGM youth.
Studies describing experiences of SGM youth and parents during PASC and/or health outcomes of PASC were reviewed.
Eleven studies met inclusion criteria, and six themes emerged. These included: (1) limited communication and barriers to communication, (2) impact of SGM disclosure on communication, (3) HIV and/or sexually transmitted disease-focused communication, (4) heteronormative communication, (5) outcomes of communication, and (6) youth preferences for PASC.
Parent-adolescent sex communication was complicated by barriers to communication and was limited, heteronormative, and influenced by SGM disclosure. Parent-adolescent sex communication may improve sexual health outcomes, but adequate parental education and guidance is lacking. This review identifies ways that health providers can foster positive and inclusive PASC.
性少数群体（SGM）青年的性健康结局比异性恋和顺性别同龄人更差。尽管父母与青少年的性沟通（PASC）与异性恋青少年的性健康结局改善有关，但对于 SGM 青年的 PASC 了解较少。
综述了描述 SGM 青年和父母在 PASC 期间的经历以及 PASC 对健康结果的影响的研究。
符合纳入标准的研究有 11 项，出现了 6 个主题。这些主题包括：（1）沟通有限和沟通障碍，（2）SGM 披露对沟通的影响，（3）以 HIV 和/或性传播疾病为重点的沟通，（4）异性恋规范沟通，（5）沟通的结果，以及（6）青少年对 PASC 的偏好。
父母与青少年的性沟通受到沟通障碍的限制，并且是有限的、异性恋规范的，并且受到 SGM 披露的影响。父母与青少年的性沟通可能会改善性健康结局，但缺乏足够的父母教育和指导。本综述确定了卫生保健提供者可以促进积极和包容的 PASC 的方法。
