Twente Medical System International B.V. (TMSi), Zutphenstraat 57, 7575EJ Oldenzaal, the Netherlands; Clinical Neurophysiology (CNPH), Technohal Univeristy of Twente, Hallenweg 5, 7522 NH, the Netherlands.
Clinical Neurophysiology (CNPH), Technohal Univeristy of Twente, Hallenweg 5, 7522 NH, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Koningsplein 1, 7512 KZ Enschede, the Netherlands..
Epilepsy Behav. 2020 Nov;112:107342. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107342. Epub 2020 Aug 27.
Absence epilepsy (AE) is related to both cognitive and physical impairments. In this narrative review, we critically discuss the pathophysiology of AE and the impairment of attention in children and adolescents with AE. In particular, we contextualize the attentive dysfunctions of AE with the associated risks, such as accidental injuries.
An extensive literature search on attention deficits and the rate of accidental injuries in AE was run. The search was conducted on Scopus, Pubmed, and the online libraries of the University of Twente and Maastricht University. Relevant references of the included articles were added. Retrospective and prospective studies, case reports, meta-analysis, and narrative reviews were included. Only studies written in English were considered. Date of last search is February 2020. The keywords used were "absence epilepsy" AND "attention"/"awareness", "absence epilepsy" AND "accidental injuries"/"accident*"/"injuries".
Ten retrospective and two prospective studies on cognition and AE were fully screened. Seventeen papers explicitly referring to attention in AE were reviewed. Just one paper was found to specifically focus on accidental injuries and AE, while twelve studies generally referring to epilepsy syndromes - among which AE - and related accidents were included.
Absence epilepsy and attention deficits show some patterns of pathophysiological association. This relation may account for dysfunctions in everyday activities in the pediatric population. Particular metrics, such as the risk related to biking in children with AE, should be used in future studies to address the problem in a novel way and to impact clinical indications.
失神发作（AE）与认知和身体损伤均有关联。在本综述中，我们将批判性地讨论 AE 的病理生理学以及 AE 患儿和青少年注意力受损的情况。特别是，我们将 AE 的注意力障碍与相关风险（例如意外伤害）联系起来进行讨论。
对 AE 注意力缺陷和意外伤害发生率进行了广泛的文献检索。检索在 Scopus、Pubmed 和特文特大学和马斯特里赫特大学的在线图书馆上进行。还添加了所纳入文章的相关参考文献。纳入的研究包括回顾性和前瞻性研究、病例报告、荟萃分析和综述。仅考虑以英语撰写的研究。最后一次搜索日期为 2020 年 2 月。使用的关键词为“absence epilepsy” AND “attention”/“awareness”、“absence epilepsy” AND “accidental injuries”/“accident*”/“injuries”。
对认知和 AE 的十项回顾性和两项前瞻性研究进行了全面筛选。综述了 17 篇明确提到 AE 注意力的论文。只有一篇论文专门关注 AE 和意外伤害，而有 12 篇研究一般提到癫痫综合征 - 其中包括 AE - 以及相关的事故。
失神发作和注意力缺陷显示出一些病理生理学关联的模式。这种关系可能解释了儿科人群在日常活动中的功能障碍。在未来的研究中，应使用特定的指标，例如与 AE 儿童骑自行车相关的风险，以新颖的方式解决该问题，并对临床指征产生影响。
