Rannels D E, Rannels S R
Department of Physiology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033.
Exp Lung Res. 1988;14(2):157-82. doi: 10.3109/01902148809115122.
In a variety of species, partial resection of the lung initiates rapid compensatory growth of the remaining tissue adequate to restore normal total lung mass. Increases in tissue content of protein, RNA, and DNA in proportion to dry lung weight suggest hyperplastic growth of the tissue, rather than cellular hypertrophy. A general acceleration of cell division is supported further by the results of quantitative morphometric studies, which indicate that both cellular and functional characteristics of the peripheral lung, including alveolar and capillary volumes and thickness and surface area of the blood-gas barrier, are maintained when compensatory growth is complete. The rate and nature of the growth response are subject to hormonal modulation, particularly by adrenal steroids and growth hormone. Little is known, however, regarding the specific actions of these agents or of additional factors that may be primary regulators of the initiation and cessation of accelerated compensatory growth. Definition of such regulatory mechanisms is of critical importance in understanding normal growth and development of the lung and the response of the lung to injury, as well as in future efforts to manipulate growth and/or repair of the tissue.
在多种物种中，部分肺切除会引发剩余组织的快速代偿性生长，足以恢复正常的肺总质量。蛋白质、RNA和DNA的组织含量与肺干重成比例增加，这表明组织是增生性生长，而非细胞肥大。定量形态学研究结果进一步支持了细胞分裂的普遍加速，这些结果表明，当代偿性生长完成时，外周肺的细胞和功能特征，包括肺泡和毛细血管体积以及血气屏障的厚度和表面积，都能得以维持。生长反应的速率和性质受到激素调节，尤其是肾上腺类固醇和生长激素。然而，对于这些因子的具体作用或可能是加速代偿性生长启动和停止的主要调节因子的其他因素，我们所知甚少。定义此类调节机制对于理解肺的正常生长和发育、肺对损伤的反应，以及未来操纵组织生长和/或修复的努力至关重要。
