Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(22):3892-3903. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809991. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by bacterial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) and have many potential tissue and SCFA specific actions, from providing fuel for colonic cells to appetite regulation. Many studies have described the fermentation of different carbohydrates, often using in vitro batch culture. As evidence-based critical evaluation of substrates selectively promoting production of individual SCFA is lacking, we performed a systematic scoping literature review. Databases were searched to identify relevant papers published between 1900 and 12/06/2016. Search terms included In vitro and In vitro Articles were considered for essential criteria allowing equivalent comparison of SCFA between NDC. Seventy seven articles were included in the final analysis examining 29 different carbohydrates. After 24-hour fermentation, galacto-oligosaccharide ranked highest for butyrate and total SCFA production and second for acetate production. Rhamnose ranked highest for propionate production. The lowest SCFA production was observed for kiwi fiber, polydextrose, and cellulose. This review demonstrates that choosing a substrate to selectively enhance a specific SCFA is difficult, and the molar proportion of each SCFA produced by individual substrates may be misleading. Instead the rate and ratio of SCFA production should be evaluated in parallel.
短链脂肪酸（SCFA）是由细菌对不可消化碳水化合物（NDC）的发酵产生的，具有许多潜在的组织和 SCFA 特异性作用，从为结肠细胞提供燃料到调节食欲。许多研究已经描述了不同碳水化合物的发酵，通常使用体外批量培养。由于缺乏针对选择性促进特定 SCFA 产生的底物的循证关键评估，我们进行了系统的文献范围综述。数据库被搜索以确定在 1900 年至 2016 年 12 月 06 日之间发表的相关论文。搜索词包括 In vitro 和 In vitro 文章被认为是允许在 NDC 之间对 SCFA 进行等效比较的基本标准。有 77 篇文章被纳入最终分析，其中包括 29 种不同的碳水化合物。经过 24 小时发酵，半乳糖低聚糖在丁酸盐和总 SCFA 的产量方面排名最高，在乙酸盐的产量方面排名第二。鼠李糖在丙酸产量方面排名最高。猕猴桃纤维、多聚葡萄糖和纤维素的 SCFA 产量最低。本综述表明，选择一种底物来选择性地增强特定的 SCFA 是困难的，并且单个底物产生的每种 SCFA 的摩尔比例可能具有误导性。相反，应该并行评估 SCFA 的产生速率和比例。
