School of Public Health, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Canada.
Centre for Sami Health Research, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø, Norway.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2020 Dec;79(1):1805254. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2020.1805254.
This paper describes the extent and variation in health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people within Alaska, Greenland and the northern regions of Canada, Russia and the Nordic countries. We accessed official health statistics and reviewed research studies. We selected a few indicators of health status, health determinants and health care to demonstrate the health disparities that exist. For a large number of health indicators Indigenous people fare worse than non-Indigenous people in the same region or nationally, with the exception of the Sami in the Nordic countries whose health profiles are similar to their non-Sami neighbours. That we were unable to produce a uniform set of indicators applicable to all regions is indicative of the large knowledge gaps that exist. The need for ongoing health monitoring for Indigenous people is most acute for the Sami and Russia, less so for Canada, and least for Alaska, where health data specific to Alaska Natives are generally available. It is difficult to produce an overarching explanatory model for health disparities that is applicable to all regions. We need to seek explanation in the broader political, cultural and societal contexts within which Indigenous people live in their respective regions.
本文描述了阿拉斯加、格陵兰和加拿大、俄罗斯以及北欧国家北部地区的原住民和非原住民之间健康差距的程度和变化。我们查阅了官方健康统计数据并审查了研究报告。我们选择了一些健康状况、健康决定因素和医疗保健指标来展示存在的健康差距。对于大量健康指标，同一地区或全国范围内的原住民的健康状况比非原住民差，北欧国家的萨米人除外，他们的健康状况与非萨米邻居相似。我们无法为所有地区制定一套统一的适用指标，这表明存在大量知识差距。对于萨米人和俄罗斯，对原住民进行持续健康监测的需求最为迫切，对于加拿大的需求则较低，而对于阿拉斯加的需求则最低，因为阿拉斯加有针对阿拉斯加原住民的具体健康数据。要为所有地区制定一个适用于所有地区的总体解释性健康差距模型是很困难的。我们需要在原住民各自所在地区的更广泛的政治、文化和社会背景中寻求解释。
