Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(39):4970-4981. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200831151316.
Metabolic syndrome is an aggregation of conditions and associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Edible mushrooms are widely consumed in many countries and are valuable components of the diet because of their attractive taste, aroma, and nutritional value. Medicinal mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low-fat content and a transisomer of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fiber content, biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides or polysaccharide β-glucans, alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols and terpenoids. In vitro experiments, animal models, and even human studies have demonstrated not only fresh edible mushroom but also mushroom extract that has great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as antiobesity, cardioprotective and anti-diabetic effect. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods and drugs. The focus of this report was to provide a concise and complete review of the novel medicinal properties of fresh or dry mushroom and extracts, fruiting body or mycelium and its extracts, fiber, polysaccharides, beta-glucan, triterpenes, fucoidan, ergothioneine from edible mushrooms that may help to prevent or treat metabolic syndrome and associated diseases.
代谢综合征是一组病症的集合，与糖尿病、肥胖和心血管疾病（CVD）的发病风险增加有关。食用蘑菇在许多国家被广泛食用，是饮食中很有价值的组成部分，因为它们具有诱人的味道、香气和营养价值。药用蘑菇是具有额外营养特性的高等真菌，它们脂肪含量低，含有顺式异构体的不饱和脂肪酸以及高纤维含量、生物活性化合物，如多糖或多糖β-葡聚糖、生物碱、甾体、多酚和萜类化合物。体外实验、动物模型，甚至人体研究表明，不仅新鲜的食用蘑菇，还有蘑菇提取物，在人类健康中都具有很好的治疗应用，因为它们具有许多特性，如抗肥胖、心脏保护和抗糖尿病作用。它们被认为是无与伦比的健康食品和药物来源。本报告的重点是提供关于新鲜或干燥蘑菇及其提取物、子实体或菌丝体及其提取物、纤维、多糖、β-葡聚糖、三萜、褐藻糖胶、麦角硫因的新颖药用特性的简明而完整的综述，这些特性可能有助于预防或治疗代谢综合征和相关疾病。
