Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020 Sep 1;91(9):737-745. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5589.2020.
Numerous issues in mental health benefit from technological innovation. An example involves the mental health challenges of long-duration spaceflight (such as a Mars mission), including prolonged confinement, microgravity, and different sunlight exposure lengths. Persisting on Earth are global mental health challenges stemming from disease burdens, limited interview-based diagnostic systems, trial-and-error treatment approaches, and suboptimal access. There is potential for cross-pollinating solutions between these seemingly disparate challenges using a range of emerging technologies such as sensors, omics, and big data. In this review, we highlight the bidirectional value of mental health technology transfer aimed to address issues both on Earth and in space. We prepared a systematic review of studies pertaining to mental health technological innovation and space medicine. For Earth mental health technologies translatable to long-duration space missions, we cite several example technologies, including device-based psychotherapy and social support, conversational agents aka chatbots, and nutritional and physical activity focused mental health. Space technologies translatable to Earth mental health include remote sensing devices, global navigation satellite systems, satellite communications, chronotherapies, and nutritional advances. There is a rich history of space technologies informing Earth technological trends, including general health care on Earth, and vice versa. To avoid the traditional happenstance approach that results in delays, missed opportunities, and increased cost, and to improve outcomes for both Earth and space utilization of these technologies, we propose increased dialogue and training opportunities to enhance innovation and outcomes.
心理健康领域受益于众多技术创新。例如，长期太空飞行（如火星任务）带来的心理健康挑战，包括长时间的禁闭、微重力和不同的阳光照射时长。地球上还存在着一些全球性的心理健康挑战，如疾病负担、有限的基于访谈的诊断系统、试错治疗方法以及获取途径不佳等。利用一系列新兴技术（如传感器、组学和大数据），有可能在这些看似不同的挑战之间实现交叉授粉解决方案。在这篇综述中，我们强调了心理健康技术转移的双向价值，旨在解决地球上和太空中的问题。我们对与心理健康技术创新和空间医学相关的研究进行了系统综述。对于可转化为长期太空任务的地球心理健康技术，我们引用了一些示例技术，包括基于设备的心理治疗和社会支持、对话代理（又名聊天机器人）以及关注营养和身体活动的心理健康。可转化为地球心理健康的空间技术包括遥感设备、全球导航卫星系统、卫星通信、时间疗法和营养进步。太空技术为地球技术趋势提供了丰富的历史信息，包括地球上的一般医疗保健，反之亦然。为了避免导致延迟、错失机会和增加成本的传统偶然方法，并改善这些技术在地球和太空利用方面的结果，我们建议增加对话和培训机会，以增强创新和成果。
