Interaction of prosody and syntax-semantics in Mandarin wh-indeterminates.

This paper reports on two speech-production experiments focused on Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin sentence-final particles and wh-phrases that have interrogative or indefinite readings in three contexts: yes/no questions, wh-questions, and statements. Sentence-final particles were found to influence focus-prosody through right-edge shortening and lowering of F0 and intensity of wh-phrases, thus distinguishing wh-interrogatives from indefinites and questions from statements. Speakers adopt multidimensional acoustic strategies to shape intonation: while maintaining the lexical tones, prosody interacts with the organization imposed by syntax, semantics, and focus. The two varieties of Mandarin differ in the extent to which their prosodic differences represent such syntactic-semantic information.