中风的遗传力：家族史采集至关重要。
Heritability for stroke: Essential for taking family history.
作者信息
Pourasgari Masoumeh, Mohamadkhani Ashraf
机构信息
Cell and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Caspian J Intern Med. 2020 May;11(3):237-243. doi: 10.22088/cjim.11.3.237.
BACKGROUND
There are many well-established factors that influence the risk of stroke including blood pressure, diabetes, low socioeconomic status and smoking, however, the shared genetic resource in members of a family effect on stroke predisposition. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated evidence of a shared genetic source in stroke risk. This review considered the influence of family history as one of the main risk factors in stroke according to the literature.
METHODS
Literature review was obtained by searching for the key words "stroke", "family history" and "stroke gene" in PubMed. An overview has been made on the topics: relevance of stroke family history, family history assessment tools and specific candidate genes for stroke.
RESULTS
Family history of stroke is an important risk factor for the development of cerebrovascular diseases in addition to stroke subtypes in relatives who have reached the questionnaire and pedigree. While variation in a small number of loci showed Mendelian inheritance of stroke phenotypes, the genetic variations in several stroke risk loci are shared with multiple related vascular traits.
CONCLUSION
This study highlighted the importance of family history in stroke phenotypes and current related genetics information. Increasing awareness of the importance of family history in stroke has the advantage of preventing exposure to stroke with health care.
背景
有许多已明确的因素会影响中风风险，包括血压、糖尿病、社会经济地位低下和吸烟等，然而，家族成员共享的遗传因素对中风易感性也有影响。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）已证明中风风险存在共享遗传来源的证据。根据文献，本综述将家族史视为中风的主要风险因素之一。
方法
通过在PubMed中搜索关键词“中风”“家族史”和“中风基因”获取文献综述。对以下主题进行了概述：中风家族史的相关性、家族史评估工具以及中风的特定候选基因。
结果
除了通过问卷调查和系谱确定的亲属中的中风亚型外，中风家族史是脑血管疾病发生的重要风险因素。虽然少数基因座的变异显示出中风表型的孟德尔遗传，但多个中风风险基因座的遗传变异与多种相关血管性状存在共性。
结论
本研究强调了家族史在中风表型及当前相关遗传学信息中的重要性。提高对家族史在中风中重要性的认识，有利于通过医疗保健预防中风。
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