Steinberg Lynne, Rogers Altovise
University of Houston.
San Jose State University.
Multivariate Behav Res. 2022 Jan-Feb;57(1):79-93. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2020.1807305. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
Much research in psychology is based on self-report questionnaire data using items with Likert-type response scales. Often the same items are administered with different response scale labels in different studies. Using measures of personality and affect, the effect of type of label (bipolar or unipolar) on the categorical item responses was investigated with the methods of item response theory (IRT). In two studies, the effect of type of label was examined in the context of all options labeled and only endpoint options labeled. In Study 1, we found that when every number of a response scale is labeled, the responses to the same items differ between bipolar (agree-disagree) and unipolar (not at all - very much) labels. Study 2 showed that these differences are not observed when only the endpoints are labeled. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for measurement and research reporting of personality, clinical, health, social, and other psychological constructs. IRT methods offer a way to increase our understanding of the psychological processes underlying answering questions.
心理学领域的许多研究都基于使用李克特式反应量表项目的自陈问卷数据。在不同研究中，常常会使用不同的反应量表标签来呈现相同的项目。本研究运用项目反应理论（IRT）方法，以人格和情感测量为手段，探究标签类型（两极或单极）对分类项目反应的影响。在两项研究中，分别在所有选项均有标签和仅端点选项有标签的情境下，考察了标签类型的影响。在研究1中，我们发现，当反应量表的每个数字都有标签时，相同项目在两极（同意-不同意）和单极（一点也不-非常）标签下的反应存在差异。研究2表明，当仅端点有标签时，未观察到这些差异。本文根据这些发现对人格、临床、健康、社会及其他心理构念的测量和研究报告的意义进行了讨论。IRT方法为增进我们对回答问题背后心理过程的理解提供了一种途径。
