Department of Psychology, UMBC.
Department of Psychology, Western New England University.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2021 Jan;54(1):103-121. doi: 10.1002/jaba.758. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
Bowman et al. (1997) described a dynamic contingency in which severe problem behavior was evoked by adult noncompliance with a variety of child mands, which occurred at high rates, and was reinforced by adult compliance with subsequent mands. They discovered this phenomenon with 2 children for whom standard functional analyses were inconclusive. In recent years, similar contingencies have been shown to influence problem behavior, but the manner in which they have been arranged and described has varied across studies. The purpose of this literature review is to (a) describe contingencies involving mand compliance and the circumstances under which they have been evaluated, (b) summarize procedural variations in analysis and treatment, and (c) discuss what is known and yet to be discovered about the contingency as it relates to problem behavior. Future research focused on improving technology for analyzing and treating problem behavior suspected to be sensitive to mand compliance is discussed.
鲍曼等人（1997 年）描述了一种动态的偶然事件，在这种偶然事件中，严重的问题行为是由成年人不遵守各种儿童指令引起的，这些指令出现的频率很高，并且会被成年人随后对指令的服从所强化。他们在对 2 名儿童进行标准功能分析时发现了这一现象，但这些分析没有得出明确的结论。近年来，类似的偶然事件已被证明会影响问题行为，但在不同的研究中，它们的安排和描述方式有所不同。本文献综述的目的是：(a)描述涉及指令服从的偶然事件，以及评估这些偶然事件的情况；(b)总结分析和治疗方面的程序差异；(c)讨论与问题行为相关的偶然事件的已知和未知方面。讨论了未来的研究重点是如何改进用于分析和治疗疑似对指令服从敏感的问题行为的技术。
