Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Sep 3;20(1):411. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-02630-x.
Aroma, berry firmness and berry shape are three main quality traits in table grape production, and also the important target traits in grapevine breeding. However, the information about their genetic mechanisms is limited, which results in low accuracy and efficiency of quality breeding in grapevine. Mapping and isolation of quantitative trait locus (QTLs) based on the construction of genetic linkage map is a powerful approach to decipher the genetic determinants of complex quantitative traits.
In the present work, a final integrated map consisting of 3411 SLAF markers on 19 linkage groups (LGs) with an average distance of 0.98 cM between adjacent markers was generated using the specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technique. A total of 9 significant stable QTLs for Muscat flavor, berry firmness and berry shape were identified on two linkage groups among the hybrids analyzed over three consecutive years from 2016 to 2018. Notably, new stable QTLs for berry firmness and berry shape were found on LG 8 respectively for the first time. Based on biological function and expression profiles of candidate genes in the major QTL regions, 3 genes (VIT_08s0007g00440, VIT_08s0040g02740 and VIT_08s0040g02350) related to berry firmness and 3 genes (VIT_08s0032g01110, VIT_08s0032g01150 and VIT_08s0105g00200) linked to berry shape were highlighted. Overexpression of VIT_08s0032g01110 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants caused the change of pod shape.
A new high-density genetic map with total 3411 markers was constructed with SLAF-seq technique, and thus enabled the detection of narrow interval QTLs for relevant traits in grapevine. VIT_08s0007g00440, VIT_08s0040g02740 and VIT_08s0040g02350 were found to be related to berry firmness, while VIT_08s0032g01110, VIT_08s0032g01150 and VIT_08s0105g00200 were linked to berry shape.
香气、浆果硬度和浆果形状是鲜食葡萄生产的三个主要品质性状，也是葡萄育种的重要目标性状。然而，其遗传机制的信息有限，导致葡萄品质育种的准确性和效率低下。基于遗传连锁图谱构建的数量性状位点（QTL）的定位和分离是解析复杂数量性状遗传决定因素的有力方法。
本研究利用特异长度扩增片段测序（SLAF-seq）技术，构建了一个由 3411 个 SLAF 标记组成的最终整合图谱，该图谱位于 19 个连锁群（LGs）上，相邻标记之间的平均距离为 0.98cm。在 2016 年至 2018 年连续 3 年分析的杂种中，共鉴定出 9 个与麝香风味、浆果硬度和浆果形状相关的稳定 QTL。值得注意的是，首次在 LG8 上发现了新的稳定与浆果硬度和浆果形状相关的 QTL。基于主要 QTL 区域候选基因的生物学功能和表达谱，共鉴定出与浆果硬度相关的 3 个基因（VIT_08s0007g00440、VIT_08s0040g02740 和 VIT_08s0040g02350）和与浆果形状相关的 3 个基因（VIT_08s0032g01110、VIT_08s0032g01150 和 VIT_08s0105g00200）。过表达拟南芥中的 VIT_08s0032g01110 导致荚果形状发生变化。
利用 SLAF-seq 技术构建了一个新的高密度遗传图谱，总共有 3411 个标记，从而能够检测到与葡萄相关性状的窄区间 QTL。发现 VIT_08s0007g00440、VIT_08s0040g02740 和 VIT_08s0040g02350 与浆果硬度有关，而 VIT_08s0032g01110、VIT_08s0032g01150 和 VIT_08s0105g00200 则与浆果形状有关。
