Maheshwari Anuj, Verma Narsingh, Bhardwaj Shipra, Jose Arun P, Bhalla Sandeep, More Arun, Patil Mansi, Gupta Amit, Gupta Bal Kishen, Takalkar Anant, Gupta Priyanka, Pandey Nikki, Patil Vishal, Beaney Thomas, Ster Anca Chis, Poulter Neil R
Department of General Medicine, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226028, India.
Indian Society of Hypertension, King George's Medical University, Shah Mina Road, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2020 Aug;22(Suppl H):H62-H65. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa030. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
Hypertension (HTN) is the greatest attributable risk factor for cardiovascular disease in India. Recent studies have reported the crude prevalence of HTN in India to be 25.3%. In the May Measurement Month (MMM) screening campaign of 2017 conducted in India, 31.8% had HTN. In order to ratify earlier results, and further understand the awareness and control levels of HTN in India, organizations that participated in MMM 2017 decided to participate in the MMM global screening initiative of the International Society of Hypertension for a 2nd consecutive year. A total of 345 234 individuals were screened in MMM 2018. There were more than 1000 screening locations that included hospitals, clinics, workplaces, and special health camps organized across the country. After applying multiple imputation, a total of 111 462 (32.3%) individuals had HTN of whom 63 415 (55.6%) were aware of HTN and 61 646 (55.3%) were on antihypertensive medicines, out of which 15 583 (25.3%) were uncontrolled. Overall 57 864 (41.3%) hypertensives were uncontrolled. About half (44.7%) of hypertensive population in India were not on treatment. Around two-thirds (65.7%, = 226 924) had not measured their blood pressure (BP) in last 12 months and 64% measured their BP for the first time in their life during the campaign, which strongly indicates the need for large scale awareness drives. This study suggests that opportunistic periodic public health screening at a national level is needed to increase HTN detection, treatment, control, and countrywide awareness in highly populated nations like India.
高血压（HTN）是印度心血管疾病最大的可归因风险因素。近期研究报告称，印度高血压的粗患病率为25.3%。在2017年于印度开展的五月测量月（MMM）筛查活动中，31.8%的人患有高血压。为了验证早期结果，并进一步了解印度高血压的知晓率和控制水平，参与2017年MMM的组织决定连续第二年参加国际高血压学会的MMM全球筛查倡议。2018年MMM共筛查了345234人。筛查地点超过1000个，包括全国各地的医院、诊所、工作场所和专门设立的健康营。经过多次插补后，共有111462人（32.3%）患有高血压，其中63415人（55.6%）知晓自己患有高血压，61646人（55.3%）正在服用降压药，其中15583人（25.3%）血压未得到控制。总体而言，57864名（41.3%）高血压患者血压未得到控制。印度约一半（44.7%）的高血压人群未接受治疗。约三分之二（65.7%，n = 226924）的人在过去12个月内未测量过血压，64%的人在此次活动中首次测量血压，这有力地表明需要开展大规模的宣传活动。这项研究表明，在印度这样人口众多的国家，需要在国家层面进行机会性定期公共卫生筛查，以提高高血压的检测、治疗、控制水平，并提高全国范围内的知晓率。
