印度的高血压：高血压患病率、知晓率及控制率的系统评价与荟萃分析
Hypertension in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension.
作者信息
Anchala Raghupathy, Kannuri Nanda K, Pant Hira, Khan Hassan, Franco Oscar H, Di Angelantonio Emanuele, Prabhakaran Dorairaj
机构信息
aDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, UK bPublic Health Foundation of India, Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India cDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands dCentre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India.
出版信息
J Hypertens. 2014 Jun;32(6):1170-7. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000146.
BACKGROUND
A region-specific (urban and rural parts of north, east, west, and south India) systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension among Indian patients have not been done before.
METHODS
Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from 1950 to 30 April 2013 were searched for 'prevalence, burden, awareness, and control of blood pressure (BP) or hypertension (≥140 SBP and or ≥90 DBP) among Indian adults' (≥18 years). Of the total 3047 articles, 142 were included.
RESULTS
Overall prevalence for hypertension in India was 29.8% (95% confidence interval: 26.7-33.0). Significant differences in hypertension prevalence were noted between rural and urban parts [27.6% (23.2-32.0) and 33.8% (29.7-37.8); P = 0.05]. Regional estimates for the prevalence of hypertension were as follows: 14.5% (13.3-15.7), 31.7% (30.2-33.3), 18.1% (16.9-19.2), and 21.1% (20.1-22.0) for rural north, east, west, and south India; and 28.8% (26.9-30.8), 34.5% (32.6-36.5), 35.8% (35.2-36.5), and 31.8% (30.4-33.1) for urban north, east, west, and south India, respectively. Overall estimates for the prevalence of awareness, treatment, and control of BP were 25.3% (21.4-29.3), 25.1% (17.0-33.1), and 10.7% (6.5-15.0) for rural Indians; and 42.0% (35.2-48.9), 37.6% (24.0-51.2), and 20.2% (11.6-28.7) for urban Indians.
CONCLUSION
About 33% urban and 25% rural Indians are hypertensive. Of these, 25% rural and 42% urban Indians are aware of their hypertensive status. Only 25% rural and 38% of urban Indians are being treated for hypertension. One-tenth of rural and one-fifth of urban Indian hypertensive population have their BP under control.
背景
此前尚未对印度患者高血压的患病率、知晓率及控制情况进行过特定地区（印度北部、东部、西部和南部的城市及农村地区）的系统评价和荟萃分析。
方法
检索1950年至2013年4月30日期间的Medline、科学引文索引和Scopus数据库，查找“印度成年人（≥18岁）的血压（BP）或高血压（收缩压≥140和/或舒张压≥90）的患病率、负担、知晓率及控制情况”。在总共3047篇文章中，纳入了142篇。
结果
印度高血压的总体患病率为29.8%（95%置信区间：26.7 - 33.0）。农村和城市地区的高血压患病率存在显著差异[27.6%（23.2 - 32.0）和33.8%（29.7 - 37.8）；P = 0.05]。高血压患病率的地区估计如下：印度北部、东部、西部和南部农村地区分别为14.5%（13.3 - 15.7）、31.7%（30.2 - 33.3）、18.1%（16.9 - 19.2）和21.1%（20.1 - 22.0）；印度北部、东部、西部和南部城市地区分别为28.8%（26.9 - 30.8）、34.5%（32.6 - 36.5）、35.8%（35.2 - 36.5）和31.8%（30.4 - 33.1）。印度农村居民血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的总体估计分别为25.3%（21.4 - 29.3）、25.1%（17.0 - 33.1）和10.7%（6.5 - 15.0）；印度城市居民分别为42.0%（35.2 - 48.9）、37.6%（24.0 - 51.2）和20.2%（11.6 - 28.7）。
结论
约33%的城市印度人和25%的农村印度人患有高血压。其中，25%的农村印度人和42%的城市印度人知晓自己的高血压状况。只有25%的农村印度人和38%的城市印度人正在接受高血压治疗。农村高血压人群中有十分之一、城市高血压人群中有五分之一的血压得到控制。
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