Evans Sarah E, Steel Anne L, Watkins Laura E, DiLillo David
University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Psychol Trauma. 2014 Sep;6(5):527-536. doi: 10.1037/a0036940.
This study examines the roles of both positive and negative social support from a spouse as potential moderators of associations between experiences of physical abuse and exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) as a child and adult trauma symptoms. We hypothesized that positive social support received from a spouse would have a buffering effect on trauma symptoms, while negative social support from a spouse would have a potentiating effect. Participants were 193 newlywed couples (total = 386) randomly recruited from a marriage license database. Participants completed self-report questionnaires measuring the nature and severity of child maltreatment and trauma symptoms, and engaged in a brief video-taped task in which they discussed a personal problem with their partner. Positive and negative support behaviors exhibited during the recorded task were then coded. Results of a dyadic data analysis (actor partner interdependence model) indicated that positive social support from a spouse buffered against trauma symptoms among men who were exposed to IPV during childhood, while negative social support from a spouse potentiated trauma symptoms among men who were exposed either to IPV or child physical abuse (CPA). The buffering and potentiating effects of spousal support were reduced among men who were exposed to increasingly severe levels of IPV and CPA. By contrast, women's trauma symptoms were unrelated to either positive or negative support from a spouse. These findings extend prior research by suggesting that, for men, day-to-day provisions of support from a spouse may play a key role in posttraumatic recovery.
本研究考察了配偶给予的积极和消极社会支持作为潜在调节因素，在儿童期遭受身体虐待和接触亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）与成人创伤症状之间关联中的作用。我们假设，配偶给予的积极社会支持对创伤症状具有缓冲作用，而配偶给予的消极社会支持则具有增强作用。研究参与者是从结婚证数据库中随机招募的193对新婚夫妇（共386人）。参与者完成了自我报告问卷，用以测量儿童期虐待的性质和严重程度以及创伤症状，并参与了一项简短的录像任务，在该任务中他们与伴侣讨论一个个人问题。然后对记录任务中表现出的积极和消极支持行为进行编码。二元数据分析（actor partner interdependence model）结果表明，配偶给予的积极社会支持对童年期接触过IPV的男性的创伤症状具有缓冲作用，而配偶给予的消极社会支持则会增强接触过IPV或儿童期身体虐待（CPA）的男性的创伤症状。配偶支持的缓冲和增强作用在接触IPV和CPA程度越来越严重的男性中有所减弱。相比之下，女性的创伤症状与配偶给予的积极或消极支持均无关。这些发现扩展了先前的研究，表明对于男性而言配偶日常提供的支持可能在创伤后恢复中起关键作用。
